2001—2023年广东沿海赤潮灾害分级和时空分布特征研究

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中图分类号：X55；P7 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1005-9857（2025）09-0098-12

Classification and Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Coastal Red Tide Disasters in Guangdong Province from 2OO1 to 2023

LI Fengjie1，XIE Haiping²，LI Botong²，WU Yamei²，WU Jianyong1，HUANG Jianrong1，3

（1.Sun Yat-sen University School of Life Sciences，Guangzhou51o275，China; 2.Guangdong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center，Guangzhou 510145，China; 3.Southern Marine Science and Engineering GuangdongLaboratory（Zhuhai），Zhuhai 519o80，China）

Abstract：The natural breakpoint method was applied to classifyandquantify data on area，duration，hazard types and economic losss from 237red tide events along the Guangdong coast between 200l and 2023．Combined with data on causative organisms and environmental factors，the evolution patems and driving mechanisms ofredtide disasters along the Guangdong coastal region were analyzed. The results showed that：（1）Red tide in coastalGuangdong was dominated bylow-grade disasters，inwhich gradeIand grade II red tides accounted for 66.3% and 26.1% of the total number of times，respectively，but the economic losses caused by grade I red tides accounted for 59.57% of the total losses.（2）Red tide incidents were mainly concentrated in spring，with the peak number of occurrences in April.However，the peaks of cumulative area and duration occured in March and November，respectively. （3） Zhanjiang，Shenzhen，Zhuhai and Huizhou were the areas with high incidence ofred tide，and the number and scale of red tide occurred in 78.67% and 73.28% ofthe total.（4）There were 44 species of red tides caused by diatoms，dinoflagelates，golden algae and protozoa，among which dinoflagellates caused the largest number of red tides，and the cumulative area of golden algae was the largest.（5）The frequencyand scale ofred tide fluctuated interannually，and in recent years，high polution discharge and eutrophication had significantly affected the characteristics of biological communities and disaster risks in areas with high red tide occurrence.

Keywords：Red tide disaster，Spatiotemporal distribution，Hazard classification，Guangdong coastal waters

赤潮是指海洋中微型浮游生物快速增殖与聚集，导致生态系统结构与功能失衡的生态异常现象［1]。（剩余16957字）