表达兔球虫保护性抗原的重组枯草芽胞杆菌的构建与免疫保护效果分析

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中图分类号：S852.723 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0366-6964（2026）02-1017-17

Surface Display Heterologous Proteins on Bacillus subtilis Spores and Their Protective Efficacy against Eimeria intestinalisand Eimeria magna Infection in Rabbits

Abstract：Rabbit coccidiosis is a worldwide-distributed parasitic protozoal disease，which has caused huge economic losses to rabbit industry. Traditional methods of anticoccidial treatment result in drug resistance and drug residue，vaccination is a promising alternative. The rEiAMAl，rEiIMP1， EmGAM56，and EmROP17 were respectively displayed on the surface of B. subtilis spores by using a coat protein （CotB） as an anchor. Then the recombinant spores were used to oral immunize rabbits， the protective efects of B. subtilis-rEiAMA1， -rEiIMP1，and -rEiAMA1+rEiIMPl against Eimeria intestinalis were evaluated； and the protective effects of B. subtilis-EmGAM56， -EmROP17，and -EmGAM56 + EmROPl7 against Eimeria magna were evaluated. The results showed that B .subtilis-rEiAMA1 immunized rabbits displayed better anti- ⋅E .intestinalis protective effect，the oocyst output and lesion score were significantly decreased （ ⋅P<0.05 ），the oocyst output decrease ratio was 59.91% . B. subtilis-EmGAM56 immunized rabbits displayed better anti- E magna protective effect，the oocyst output was significantly decreased （ .P<0.05 ），the oocyst output decrease ratio was 68.54% . Moreover，the immunized rabbits showed significantly increased specific serum IgG levels and specific IgA levels （ .P<0.05 ）．The four recombinant B subtilis spores can stimulate the body to produce specific intestinal and systemic humoral immune responses. B. subtilisrEiAMA1 and B .subtilis-EmGAM56 showed better immunoprotection against E . intestinalis and E.magna，respectively. Therefore，B. subtilis is a potential live vector for rabbit coccidiosis vaccines.

Keywords：rabbit； Eimeria intestinalis；Eimeria magna； Bacillus subtilis； genetically engineeredvaccine* Corresponding author： YANG Guangyou，E-mail： guangyoul963@126.com

兔球虫病是养兔业中最常见且危害严重的一种寄生性原虫病，兔球虫由于生活史较短，具有传播迅速的特点，给养兔业造成了巨大的经济损失[1]。（剩余22336字）