减少反刍动物甲烷排放：从饲粮调整到放牧优化

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中图分类号：S815.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0366-6964（2026）02-0624-14

Mitigating Methane Emissions in Ruminants： From Dietary Adjustments to Grazing Optimization

YANG Tian，WANG Mingming， ZHENG Jikang， ZHAO Yongju*

（Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization，

Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science， College of Animal Science and Technology， Southwest University，Chongqing 40O715，China）

Abstract：Rumen fermentation in ruminants results in a loss of 2% to 12% of feed energy as methane，which not only represents an energy loss but also has negative environmental impacts. Consequently，finding economical and effective methods to reduce methane emissions from ruminants has become the focus of current research. Proper feeding and grazing management strategies can reduce methane emissions by modulating the metabolic pathways of rumen microorganisms，inhibiting methanogenic activity and enhancing the host's nutrient utilization eficiency. This review summarizes current research on the effectiveness of diffrent dietary strategies，including adjusting dietary composition，optimizing forage selection and utilization，and improving forage processing and preservation，as well as grazing management strategies such as stocking rate，grazing methods，and grazing intensity. It also discusses the applicability and potential of these strategies， providing theoretical insights and practical guidance for methane mitigation in ruminant production.

Keywords ： ruminants ; rumen fermentation;； methane emissons； feeding strategies；grazing managements * Corresponding author： ZHAO Yongju，E-mail： zyongju@l63. com

全球温室气体排放是当今环境面临的一个主要问题。（剩余30773字）