基于基因组的SNP和ROH的河套大耳猪群体遗传结构解析

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中图分类号：S828.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0366-6964（2026）02-0659-09

Genetic Structure Analysis of Hetao Big-ear Pig Population Based on Genomic SNPandROH

TIAN Mingl，WANG Wenqing²， CHENG Shizhe³，HE Xinmiao1，WANG Wentao1，WU Saihui1， WANG Kun 4 ， LI Hushan5，WANG Weijie5，ZHANG Longchao 6* ， LIU Di1*

（1. Institute of Animal Science，Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Harbin 15Oo86，China; 2. Wuyuan County Livestock Workstation， Bayannur Ol5OOo， China; 3. Bayannur Agriculture andAnimal Husbandry Bureau， Bayannur O15ooo， China; 4. Colege of Animal Science and Technology， Northeast Agricultural University，Harbin 15O086， China ; 5. Bayannur Livestock Service Center， Bayannur O15Ooo，China; 6. Institute of Animal Sciences， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100193，China）

Abstract： This study aimed to systematically evaluate the population genetic characteristics of Hetao Big-ear pigs using genomic approaches，providing scientific basis for the conservation of their germplasm resources. Based on 5OK SNP chip data，Using software such as plink （v1.9O），GCTA （v1.93），and MEGAX （vlO.O） for analysis，PCA，genetic distance，kinship relationship， inbreeding coeficient，and phylogenetic tree information were obtained. Multi-dimensional analysis methods were used to detect 78 Hetao Big-ear pigs. Population structure analysis revealed that the population could be divided into 4 subgroups，with an average genetic distance of O.793，and 6 sire lineages forming the foundation of its pedigree. Analysis of genomic runs of homozygosity（ROH） detected a total of 2 6Ol segments，with individuals carrying an average of 21 ROHs and an average length of 7.77Mb . The population inbreeding coefficient （ FROH ）was O.13.Comprehensive analysis indicated that this population exhibits characteristics including a limited number of lineages，relatively few sire bloodlines，moderate kinship relationships，and low inbreeding levels. These findings at the genomic level provide important references for the population optimization and genetic improvement of Hetao Big-ear pigs.

Keywords： Hetao Big-ear pig； population structure; runs of homozygosity （ROH）; single nucleotidepolymorphism（SNP）； genetic diversity

∗ Corresponding authors：LIU Di， E-mial： liudil963@163.com；ZHANG Longchao，E-mail：zhlchias@163.com

中国地方猪种质资源丰富，约占全球猪种质资源的1/3左右[1]。（剩余12400字）