人工智能护理场景下老年人基本权利挑战及立法实现

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[中图分类号]R-052 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1001-8565（2026）03-0336-09

DOI：10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2026.03.08

Challenges and legislative realization of fundamental rights in the context of artificial intelligence-basedelderlycare

DU Fanghua

（School ofPolitics，Law&Public Administration， Yan'an University，Yan'an 716ooO，China）

Abstract： Against the backdrop of China’s increasingly severe aging trend，elderly care scenarios，as a key development area for artificial intelligence（AI），possss significant growth potential.Elderly care robots serve as the common term for AI applications in these scenarios，primarily used for safety protection，caregiving services，health services，and emotional support. During the application process，they may infringe upon the elderly's right to self-determination and dignity to some extent.To prevent this issue，this paper argued that further legislative improvements on the content of the elderly's fundamental rights safeguard were necessary. Firstly，a shift from policy-led to law-led governance was necessitated.Secondly，specialized legislation on AI was required.Lastly，certain legislative principles must be adhered to in the legislation process.Specific implementation pathways included three dimensions.First，an ethics review commitee in the field of AI elderly services should be established.Second，the design of the elderly's data rights should be optimized.Thirdly，the monitoring permissions of elderly care robots should be restricted to care-oriented purposes.The aim was to balance the development and the security of AI，integrate ethical norms，and guide intelligent elderly care technologies develop“towards people” and “towards good."

Keywords： elderly care robot; right to self-determination; right to dignity; legal ethics;data right

《2024年度国家老龄事业发展公报》显示，截至2024年末，全国60周岁及以上老年人口31031万人，占总人口的 22.0% 。（剩余14414字）