生成式人工智能用于医学知情同意中的伦理挑战及对策

——以ChatGPT为例

[中图分类号]R-052 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1001-8565（2026）03-0307-07

DOI：10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2026.03.04

Ethical challenges and countermeasures of generativeartificial intelligence inmedicalinformed consent： acasestudyofChatGenerativePre-trained Transformer

RENYongqi²，LIMengyuan²，LIUXing³，WANG Xiaomin1 （1.Research Center for Clinical Trials，the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University，Changsha 410000，China; 2. School ofHumanities， Central South University，Changsha 4100l2，China； 3.Medical Ethics Commitee， Xiangya Hospital of Central South University， Changsha 41Oo08， China）

Abstract：Informed consent constitutes a fundamental ethical principle in medical practice.With the in-depth integration of generativeartificial intelligence（AI）represented by Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer（ChatGPT）with medicine，it has brought revolutionary development to traditional informed consent while also introducing new ethical challenges.ChatGPT offrs features such as improving the readability of informed consent content，enhancing its comprehensiveness and accuracy，and increasing the convenience of obtaining informed consent.However，as the application of ChatGPT in informed consent is stil in the exploratory stage，it is imperative to proactively and fully consider the accompanying ethical issues，such as information security，liability determination，transparency，and fairnessThis paper conducted an ethical analysis on the chalenges faced by generative AI，represented by ChatGPT，in the application of informed consent and proposed countermeasures，such as upholding free and fully informed consent，strengthening the balance of rights and obligations in informed consent，and establishing a transparent and fair supervision mechanism.The aim was to promote the ethically compliant，orderly，and controllable development of generative AI in the field of medical informed consent.

Keywords： generative artificial intelligence；Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer，informed consent; ethical challenge

0 引言

知情同意是生命伦理学尊重自主原则中的重要内容，在临床治疗和临床研究中，强调个人接受医学干预或参与医学研究的自主授权，在进行诊断、治疗或研究之前必须获得患者或研究参与者的事先知情同意[1]。（剩余11498字）