模拟与再造：山西南涅水北朝造像石塔流行原因考

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Abstract： Through analyzing the structural features and iconographic logic of the Nannieshui stone pagodas in Qinxian，Shanxi，this study investigates their production and devotional practices to explore their emergence in the Nie River Basin and their socioreligious significance. Comparative analysis of components and donative inscriptions reveals that these late Northern Dynasties period pagodas replicated wooden prototypes while ritualizing circumambulation practices.Their shift to stone material and miniature scale transformed them into symbolic visual signs，dissolving original spatial functions.The iconographic program further demonstrates how they materialized Mahayana Buddhist promises of universal Buddhahood，serving as spiritual conduits for lay devotees seeking enlightenment and celestial rebirth.Emerging along the strategicaly located Nie River between modern Qinxian and Wuxiang counties sincethe late Northern Wei， these pagodas functioned as a critical nexus connecting monasteries， clergy，and devotees.Their production， display，and devotional practices not only consolidated local communities through shared belief but also intertwined with monastic economies and regional religious networks.

Keywords： Buddhist stupa Architectural context Nannieshui Religious landscape

1957年，山西沁县南涅水村出土一批佛教题材的方体造像石块，彼此形制相似、尺寸各异，造像风格呈现出北魏至北齐的特征[。（剩余26139字）