免疫检查点抑制剂在复发及难治性性腺恶性生殖细胞肿瘤中的研究进展

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中图分类号：R737.3文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-503X（2025）01-0131-06

DOI： 10.3881/j. issn. 1000-503X.16055

Research Progress in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Relapsed and Refractory Malignant Gonadal Germ Cell Tumors

ZHANG Tianyu，YANG Jiaxin

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology，National Clinical Research Center for Obstetricsand Gynecology， PUMCHospital，CAMSand PUMC，Beijing 100730，China

Corresponding author：YANGJiaxin Tel：O1O-691562O4，E-mail：yangjiaxin@pumch.cn

ABSTRACT：Germ cell tumors typically occur in the gonadal regions，characterized by high malignancy and rapid progression. Due to their high sensitivity to chemotherapy，the cure rate is generally high. However，a portion of patients stillsuccumb to chemotherapyresistance and disease progression.The use of immune checkpointinhibitors has significantly improved theprognosis for various solid tumors，whilethe immune mechanisms and efficacy of immunotherapy in germ celltumors remain understudied. Whether relapsed and refractory germ cll tumors can benefit from immunecheckpoint inhibitorsremains tobe investigated.Inthis review，we summarize the immune-related mechanisms，case reports，and clinical trialsof immunotherapy in germcelltumors toassess the effectiveness of this therapy， providing a reference for future basic research and clinical practice.

Key words：malignant germ cell tumor；tumor microenvironment；immune checkpoint inhibitor；clinical trial

ActaAcadMedSin，2025，47（1）：131-136

恶性生殖细胞肿瘤（malignant germcell tumor，MGCT）是一类起源于原始生殖细胞的异质性肿瘤，可见于性腺及性腺外组织。（剩余16094字）