锂电池过充高频振动特性与故障检测装置研制

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DOI：10.15938/j. emc.2025.04.002

中图分类号：TM912 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-449X（2025）04-0012-11

Overcharging high frequency vibration characteristics and fault detection device design for lithium-ion battery

XIONG Qing， YUE Caitong， HUANG Xiujun， ZHUANG Yi， ZHANG Junyi，TANG Yijie， ZHANG Qiwang， JI Shengchang（State Key LaboratoryofElectrical InsulationandPowerEquipment，Xi’an Jiaotong University，Xi'an710049，China

Abstract：The safe operation of lithium-ion battery （LIB） is vital to the popularization and application of the electric vehicles.The inconsistency of the cellinternal resistance may cause overcharging of a battery cell. The overcharging cell's continuous charging leads to the thermal runaway and causes fire or explosion accidents. An approach for detecting overcharging fault of the LIB based on the high frequency vibration signals was proposed.Vibration characteristics of the overcharging LIB cell and the batery pack with overcharging cell，and the influence of diferent overcharging severity and charging current on the LIB surface vibration signal were investigated. The study revealed the generation mechanism of the high frequency vibration when the LIB is overcharged and extracted the overcharging fault detection criterion. The results show that when the LIB is overcharged，the repeated decomposition and regeneration of the solid electrolyte interphase （SEI）film inside the battry and the oxidative decomposition of the electrolyte will release a large amount of gas. As a result， the surface stress of the case changes dramatically and a high-frequency vibration component appears. Meanwhile，the high frequency components of the vibration signals are related to the high frequency components of the charging current. A LIB overcharging fault detection system was developed based on the NI-DAQ and LabVIEW. The detection accuracy is 93.33% ·The system can accurately detect the overcharging fault of the LIB.

Keywords：lithium-ion battery；vibration characteristics；overcharging fault； electric vehicle; internal resistance consistency

0引言

锂电池具有功率密度高、循环寿命长、适用范围广等优点，已成为电动汽车最佳电源选择之一[1-2]。（剩余13570字）