胆汁酸抑菌机制及结构改性的研究进展

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中图分类号：S859.797 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0366-6964（2025）06-2546-09

Research Progress in Antimicrobial Mechanism and Structural Modification of Bile Acids

PAN Hua123， SUN Lei4， ZHANG Jun1，2，3*，LIU Lili1，23， MA Wengang1，2，3， CAO Aizhi1，2，3， LU Mingbin1，2，3 （1.Longchang Animal Health Products Co.，Ltd， Dezhou 2530o，China;2.Bile Acids Animal Health Dezhou Engineering Research Center，Dezhou 253Ooo，China；3.Dezhou Bile Acids R&D and Application Key Laboratory， Dezhou 25300o，China ;4. Longkou Animal DiseaseControl Center，Yantai 264OOO，China）

Abstract： Bile acids，as a natural substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms in animals，is gaining increasing attention. Currently，there is stilla lack of systematic analysis of the diversity of antibacterial mechanisms of bile acids. In this review，the latest progress in the study of the antibacterial mechanism of bile acids，including the direct antibacterial mechanism （surfactant mechanism，destroying cell membrane homeostasis mechanism and oxidative damage mechanism），and the indirect antibacterial mechanism （activating the expression of host antibacterial substances and affecting the expression of bacterial functional genes）. On this basis，the structural modification strategies （dimerization/polymerization，introduction of positively charged groups and synthetic biology of secondary bile acids） to improve the antibacterial activity of bile acids were summarized，with a view to providing theoretical reference and basis for the application of bile acids in bacteriostasis.

Keywords：bile acids;antimicrobial mechanism;structural modification ∗ Corresponding author： ZHANG Jun，E-mail： zhangjun841O13@aliyun. com

近年来，畜牧养殖业面临耐药性病原菌日渐流行的问题，而传统抗生素的应对措施日渐乏力，由此推动了新型抗菌物质的探索[。（剩余17506字）