威海地区西洋参根腐病病原菌鉴定及生防木霉筛选
打开文本图片集
中图分类号：P41 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1002-4026（2025）04-0067-11
Abstract：Inorder toexploreefectivebiologicalcontrolresourcesforthecultivationofAmericanginseng，idenificationof pathogenspeciesand screeningof highlyeffective biocontrolTrichodermawere carredoutfor theroot rotof American ginseng in Weihai. Through tissue isolation，morphological analysis，and dual-gene （ITS/TEF1- ⋅∝ ）phylogenetic analysis， the pathogens responsibleforroot rot were isolatedand identified.The pathogenicitywasconfirmedusing Koch's postulates，andtheabundance of keypathogens inthe rhizospheresoilsof diseasedand healthy plants wasanalyzed throughquantiativepolymerasechain reaction（qPCR）.Finaly，biocontrol Trichoderma strains werescreened through plateantagonismassaysandpot experiments.Theresults showedthat125fungal strains wereisolatedfromtherottenrots of American ginseng，with Fusarium being the dominant genus，accounting for 70.91% .Four pathogenic strains were identified ： F. solani （XYS-1）， F. oxysporum（XYS-2）， F. proliferatum（XYS-33），and Alternaria alternata （XYS-44）. qPCR analysis revealed that the abundance of F solani， F ，oxysporum，and A. alternata in the rhizosphere soils of diseased plants was 42.35% ， 13.80% ，and 33.44% higher，respectively，than healthy plants.Three Trichoderma strains showed significant inhibitory effects against these pathogens.Specifically，strain HB20111 inhibited F solani by 66.94% ，strain KZ23651 inhibited F. oxysporum by 76.00% ，and strain QT20747 inhibited A. alternata by 65.20% .Greenhouse pot experimentsshowedthatTrichodermainoculation increasedplant height，rootfreshweight，chlorophyllcontentinthe leaf， and rootactivityof American ginseng whilereducingtheincidenceof root rot.Inthis study，weidentified the pathogens causingtherot rot of Americanginseng in Weihaiand screenedbiocontrol Trichoderma strains，which provideda foundation for sustainable control of the root rot of American ginseng in this region.
Key words ： American ginseng； root rot；pathogen identification；pathogen abundance；Trichoderma；biocontrol
西洋参为五加科植物西洋参Panax quinquefoliumL.的干燥根，是一种价值极高的药用植物[1]。（剩余15591字）