种植密度对玉米产量及籽粒灌浆特性的影响

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中图分类号 S513 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731(2025)14-0007-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.14.002

Effectsofplantingdensityonmaize yieldand grainfillingcharacteristics

YANG Qinglong LI Guofang ZHAO Jingjing MIAO Zhongqin (Shandong Zibo Digital Agriculture Rural Development Center, Zibo 255Ooo, China)

AbstractTo screen for suitable planting densities for maize in the Central Shandong region,thedensity tolerant varietyHuangjinliang MY73wasselectedasthe test material.Threeplanting densitiesof6OO0,6500 and 7 000 plants/667 m2 were set up to study the effects of planting density on maize yield,yield components,agronomic traits,and grain filing rate.Theresultsshowedthat thisvarietyhadthehighest grain yieldof851.51kg/667m²,the plantheight,spikeheight,andcenterof gravityheight wererelativelylow,at192.O0,75.83,and83.50cm,respectively undertheconditionof65OO plants/667m2.Thethird tolastinternodeof the stem was shorter,which could reduce the risk of ldging.The grain filing process of maizepopulations exhibit a growth pattern of slow onset rapid growth graduallyslowing down,following an“S”- shaped curve; the grain filing characteristic showed a single peak curve trend,the grain filingcharacteristicof each treatment reached theirpeak around14 daysaftersilk emergence;maize treated with 6 500 plants/667 m2 had a longer duration of active filling stage. Overall,increasing the planting density of compactmaize varieties appropriatelycan fullyunleash their potential for increased yield;the suitable planting density for the density tolerant variety Huangjinliang MY73 is 6 5Oo plants/667 m².

Keywords plantingdensity;maize;yield;grainfillingcharacteristics

提高种植密度是玉米增产的有效栽培措施之一，实际生产中，密植可能增加玉米的倒伏风险，且植株间遮阴在一定程度上加速了叶片衰老，使其光合产物积累和籽粒灌浆过程受到抑制，进而影响产量。（剩余6907字）