柠檬草精油的提取、成分鉴定及对红火蚁的薰蒸活性研究

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中图分类号：S436.6 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-0864（2025）09-0155-10

Extraction， Component Identification and Fumigant Activity of LemongrassEssential Oil Against Red Imported Fire Ants

KUANGFan1，XIAOMingkun²，HUANGYuhan1，JIANGHongmin1，HULei 1 ，WEIYing1，HUWei³*

（1.XichangPlantProtectionndQuarantineStation，ichuanXichang65Ooo，China；2.InstituteofTropicalandSubtroicalCash Crops of Yunnan Academyof Agricultural Sciences，Yunnan Baoshan 678ooo，China；3.Gannan Normal University， Jiangxi Ganzhou 341000，China）

Abstract：ToinvestigatethefumigantactivityofCymbopogocitratus（lemongrass）essentialoil（EO）onSolenopsisinicta （redimportedfireants，RIFA），thelemongrass essentialoil wasextractedandpurifiedusinghydrodistilationandcolumn chromatography.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）was appied to analyze and identify the chemical componentsoflemongrassessentialoilanditsdifferentfractions.ThenfumigantactivitiesofdiferentfractionsinEOand monomersagainst RIFA were determined.Theresultsshowedthatthelight yelow lemongrass EO was extracted by water distillationwith therateof 1.02% .The fumigant activity of lemongrass EO againstRIFA increased as the increase of treatment dosage. At 400μL⋅L-1 ，the LT50 （lethal time of 50% ）wasO.197 hwith obvious sublethal effect.2 fractions A1and A2 from lemongrassEO wereobtainedbycolumnchromatography.GS-MSanalysisshowedthat thedominantcomponentof lemongrass EO and A1 fractions was citronellal with the relative contents of 24.72% and 31.75% ，respectively，and geranol wasthe main component ofA2 fraction with the relative contentsof 23.54% .Under the same dosage treatment，the fumigationactivityof A1fraction washighest，and thelemongrassEOwas second.Aftertreatment with 25.Oand12.5 μL·L -1 for 0.5and 1.0h ，both citronellal and D-limonene showed 100% fumigant activity against RIFA，indicating that citronellal andD-limonene werethe mainactive substances.Above results provided new ideasforthe preventionand controlof RIFA. Keywords：lemongrass；red imported fire ants；essential oil;component identification；fumigantactivity

红火蚁（Solenopsis invicta Buren）作为世界上破坏性较强的入侵物种之一1，已入侵我国超过1/3的省份，严重威胁着人们的生产和生活，当前红火蚁的防治主要以節虫威饵剂为主，但长期使用会使红火蚁产生抗药性。（剩余16079字）