荧光碳点在毒品检测中的应用研究进展

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中图分类号：0657.3 文献标识码：A DOI：10.37188/CJL.20250147 CSTR：32170.14.CJL.20250147

Abstract：The global proliferationof ilicit drug abuse has reached alarming levels，with emerging synthetic drugs andincreasinglysophisticatedtraficking methodsposingunprecedentedchalenges todrug interdictioneforts.Conventionaldrug detection methods can suffer from laborious sample pretreatment protocols and dependence on expensive，non-portable instrumentation，rendering them unsuitable for on-site rapid screning.Fluorescent carbon dots （CDs）have emerged as promising nanomaterials for narcotics detection due to their unique physicochemical properties，including excellent biocompatibility，stronganti-interferencecapability，diverseprecursoravailability，and tunablefluorescence characteristics.This review briefly examines theclassificationofCDsand their fundamental mechanismsindrug sensing.Throughcomprehensiveanalysis ofCDs synthesis methodologies，molecularrecognition mechanisms，andanalytical performance metrics，it mainly focusedonthe progreses offluorescentcarbon dots indrugdetection.Furthermore，itaddresses currentchallenges in drug detection technologies based onfluorescent carbon dots and outlines future developmental prospects.

Keywords：fluorescent carbon dots；drug；drug testing；detection mechanism

1引言

我国《刑法》第357条对毒品的明文规定为“本法所称毒品，是指鸦片、海洛因、甲基苯丙胺（冰毒）吗啡、大麻、可卡因以及国家规定管制的其他能够使人形成瘾癖的麻醉药品和精神药品”。（剩余31371字）