不同年龄长吻鮠肌肉营养品质及挥发性风味物质比较分析

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中图分类号：S912 文献标识码：A

Abstract：Toinvestiatethediferencesinnutritional ualit andvolatileflavorofmusclesofdiferentaes ofLeiocasislongirostris，thebasicnutrients，aminoacids，fat acidsandvolatileflavorsubstancesof artificialycultured2-year-old，3-year-oldand4-year-old L .longirostrisweredeterminedandanalyzed. Theresultsindicatedthatthecrudeproteinandashcontentofthemusclesfrom4-year-oldand2-year-old individualsweresignificantlyhigherthanthosefrom3-year-oldindividuals，whilenosignificantdiferences wereobservedincrudefatandmoistureamongthemusclesofdiferentages.Atotalof18aminoacids weremeasuredinthemusclesofdiferentages，including7esentialaminoacids，3semi-esentialamino acidsand8non-esentialaminoacids.The redominantflavoraminoacidswere lutamicacidandasartic acid，andthecontentsoflysineandleucinewerethehighestamongtheesentialaminoacids.Significant diferenceswerefoundinthecontentsofthreonine，valine，alanine，cstine，andtaurineacros diferent aes，whilethediferencesinotheraminoacidswereinsinificant.Theratioofesentialtototalamino acidsinthemusclesof L .longirostriswasclosetothestandardrecommendedb theWHO/FAOmodel （0.4），whiletheratioofesentialtonon-esentialaminoacidsexcededtherecommendedvalue（0.6）. The esential amino acid index of both 4-ear-old and 3-ear-old muscle was 0.87， which was hiher than thatof2-year-oldmuscle.Thecomprehensiveaminoacidscore（AAS）andchemicalscore（CS）revealed thatvalinewasthefirstlimitingaminoacidinthemusclesof L .longirostris.Fatyacidanalysisshowed that，apartfromlignocericacid，therewerenostatisticalysignificantdiferencesintheremainingfaty acidsamongdiferentagegroups.Thetotalunsaturatedfatyacidscontentinthemusclesofalageswas hiherthanthatofsaturatedfat acids，andtheratioof olunsaturatedtosaturatedfat acidsmetthe recommendeddietaryguidelines.Theratiosof n-3 PUFAto n-6 PUFAinthemuscleof L .longirostris were ideal，and the contents of DHA and EPA were higher. A total of 4O volatile flavor substances were identifiedinthemusclesofthre agegroups，withtheflavorsof4-year-oldand3-year-oldmusclesbeing superiortothoseof2-year-oldmuscles.Thisstudydemonstratesthathemusclesof L .longirostrisatthe ageof2，3and4alposesrelativelyhighediblevalue.Amongthem，themusclesof4-year-old L .longirostrisshowtheoptimalumamiflavorandnutritionalvalue.

Keywords：Leiocasislongirostris;muscle;basicnutrients;volatileflavorsubstances

长吻鮠（Leiocasislongirostris），又名鮰鱼、江团，隶属于鲇形目（Siluriformes）、鲿科（Bagridae）、鮠属（Leiocasis），广泛分布于中国长江、辽河和淮河等水系。（剩余16109字）