数字人文方法的演进与生成式人工智能的重塑

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中图分类号：G250 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-7136（2025）06-0020-10

Abstract：Asan interdisciplinary field，Digital Humanities（DH）derives itscore vitalityfrom thecontinuous evolutionof itsmethodologies.The driving force of evolution comes not only from the exploration of subject research，but also fromtheprogress of technology tobring more posibilities.This paperreviews seven typical methods inthe historyof DH：from the digitally enhanced traditional approaches of "Close Reading"and "Textual Criticism"to the macro-analytical perspectives opened up by "Distant Reading"and "N-Gram Frequency Analysis"，to the synthesis of computationand interpretation in "Literary Patern Recognition"and"Cultural Analytics"，and finalyto the innovative scholarly communication paradigm of "Short-form Humanities + ".This paper delves into the theoretical foundations，technical pathways，application domains，andscholarlysignificanceofeach method，aiming tomapa methodological landscapethat spans from micro-level close reading to macro-level insights，from text-centric to multimodal analysis，and from individual research tocolaborative community practices.Building on this foundation，the paper's central focus shifts to examining how Generative Artificial Intellgence（AI），particularly Large Language Models（LLMs），is systematically reshaping these methods.The analysis indicates that LLMs not onlyoptimize existingresearch workflows intermsofautomation，scalability，ndsemanticdepth，butalsotrigger profound transformationsconcerning the human-machinerelationship，research paradigms，knowledgeauthority，and academicethics.This paper further argues thatthis technology-driven change is fostering anewresearch paradigm—"Inteligent Humanities"，which iscenteredonhuman-machinecolaboration，strives to integrate micro-levelinterpretation with macro-level analysis，andemphasizes the need to maintain humanistic critical vigilance and ethical consciousness whileembracing technological empowerment.Confronting the opportunitiesand challnges posed byAI，digital humanities is advancing into a new phase of profound methodological integration and paradigm reconfiguration.

Keywords ： Digital Humanities; Generative AI;Large Language Models; methodology;Inteligent Humanities

0 引言

数字人文（DigitalHumanities，DH）是一个迅速成长、欣欣向荣而又充满活力的跨学科领域，处于计算方法与传统人文学科的交叉地带，被认为是一种人文学科的方法论共同体[1]。（剩余15712字）