107份甜菜种质资源的表型变异及遗传多样性分析
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AnalysisofPhenotypic Variation and GeneticDiversity in 107 Sugar Beet Germplasm Resources
LI Jinghao'，LI Shengnan'，PI Zhi'，WU Zedong1.2 （College ofAdvanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment，Heilongjiang University，Harbin 150080; 2SugarBeet Engineering Research CenterofHeilongjiangProvince，Heilongjiang University，，Harbin150080）
Abstract：As one of the most important sugar crops in China，the collction，characterization，and utilization of sugar beet germplasm resources are particularly crucial. Understanding their phenotypic diversity through morphological characterization，analyzing genetic traits across diferent germplasm resources，and clarifying their phylogenetic relationships are essential for deciphering the genetic architecture and facilitating the identificationand development of elite breeding material.This study analyzed the phenotypic variation in 107 sugar beet germplasm accessions using diversity analysis，correlation analysis，principal component analysis （PCA），and cluster analysis. Twenty-nine phenotypic traits were used to elucidate the intrinsic correlations among different traits.Among these traits，hypocotyl color exhibited the highest coefficient of variation （ （73.95% ），whereas the vascular bundle number showed the lowest （9.95%） ）.Among the descriptive traits， growth vigour exhibited the greatest genetic diversity index （1.380），while petiole length showed the lowest （0.508）. Correlation analysis revealed that chromosome ploidy showed a highly significant positive correlation with weight per 1OO seedling weight and growth vigor，while sugar yield exhibited a highly significant negative corelation with root length and sodium content.PCA of the 29 phenotypic traits revealed that the first 11 principal components cumulatively accounted for 72.290% of the total variance.Cluster analysis based on morphological traits clasified allgermplasm resources into four groups at a Euclidean distance of
15.Among these，Group I demonstrated superior performance in both sugar content and sugar yield. These findings will facilitate the strategic selection of germplasm for specific hybrid combinations in breeding programs，enabling eficient utilization of sugar beet germplasm resources to support the development of elite sugarbeet varieties.
Key words： sugar beet；phenotypic variation；morphological；genetic diversity；germplasm resources; breeding
甜菜（BetavulgarisL.）属于苋科，二年生草本植物，起源于公元前8500年的欧洲海岸[1，种植地主要集中在北半球温带地区。（剩余13370字）
