转录组视角下的橡胶树：进展、挑战与潜力

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Rubber Tree from Transcriptome Perspective： Progress ， Challenges， and Potential

ZHANG Jing，QIAN Xiaoran，ZHU Xiaoping，NIU Yingfeng，LIU Jin，MAO Changli （Molecular Biology Research Center of Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization ofNatural Rubber，Jinghong 666100）

Abstract：Rubber trees [Hevea brasiliensis（Willd.ex A.Juss.）Mull.Arg.]originated in the Amazon basin of South Americaand were widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions.It is the main source of natural rubber production and has important economic value.With the advent of the post genomic era，rubber tree breeding is facing unprecedented opportunities. Various omics technologies such as transcriptomics，genomics， proteomics，metabolomics，and phenomics are rapidly developing，opening up a broad research path for cultivating high-yield and multi resistant high-quality rubber tree varieties.Among them，transcriptomics，as one of the earliest developed and widely applied technologies，has shown great potential in rubber tree research.This article comprehensively reviewed the latest progressin transcriptomics research on rubber trees，with a focus on theapplication of this technology in key fields such as high-quality rubber tree materials，latex synthesis，wood formation，and stressresponse.Additionally，it critically examined the challenges faced by research institutions， including the incomplete data-sharing system for rubber tree germplasm resources，insuffcient depth of disease research，relative scarcity of genomic resources，lagging integration of multi omics data，difficulties in gene function verification，and obstacles to the transformation of scientific research results.It proposes targeted future development directions aimed at promoting rubber tree breeding research and assisting the modernization and sustainable development of the rubber industry.

Key words： rubber tree;transcriptome; high-quality germplasm; latex synthesis;wood formation; stress response

随着全球工业化的深入发展，天然橡胶作为重要的工业原料，其需求在多个领域中不断攀升，尤其是在汽车、航空航天、医疗器械等行业中发挥着不可替代的作用[1]。（剩余53224字）