基于视觉识别的液压拉伸器四轴对准装置

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关键词：霍夫变换；螺栓中心定位；YOLOv5；四轴对准装置；阈值分割；退火算法中图分类号：TN911.73-34；TH122 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-373X（2026）09-0098-09

Visual recognition based hydraulic tensioner fouraxis alignment device

GaoSheng'，LiRuipeng'，PanShuangying²，ShiWenbo² （1.SchoolofMechanicalandElectrical Engineering，China Jiliang University，Hangzhou 31oo18，China; 2.WrenHydraulicEquipment ManufacturingCo.，Ltd.，Hangzhou 3111oo，China）

Abstract：Boltsandnutsareimportantfastenersforheavyindustry，andbolt tensionersarewidelyusedin bolt pretighteningduetotheiruniformforcedistributionandaccuratecontrolovertheboltpretighteningforce.However，the positioningacuracyrequiredforthetensionerduringoperationisighsoitisnecessarytokeeptheaxisoftetensioneraliged withthebolt.Thearticledesignsatensioneralignmentdevicebasedonvisualrecognition.Thedepthcameraimageisinputinto YOLOv5toobtainsubimages，whicharethensubjectedtoimageenhancementand thresholdsegmentationbasedonanealing algorithm.Afterthat，thepreciseposeandcentercoordinatesoftheboltareobtainedbyhexagonalfiting basedon Hough transform.Finaly，thecoordinateinformationoftheboltistransmitedtotheactuatortodrivethemotorforpositioning. Experimentsverifiedthattheimage positioningacuracyanddevicepositioningaccuracycanbewithin1.5mm，andthetarget recognition accuracy can reach over 90% . The designed mechanical structure can complete the alignment work satisfactorily.

Keywords：Hough transform；boltcenterpositioning;YOLOv5；fouraxisalignmentdevice；thresholdsegmentation; annealingalgorithm

0 引言

螺栓拉伸器是一种螺栓预紧装置，它使用液力升压泵提供的液压源使螺母易于松动，如图1所示。（剩余8880字）