不同施氮量对滴灌水肥一体化模式下玉米生长发育和土壤生物学特性的影响
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中图分类号：S513 文献标识码：A 文章编号： 1000-4440（2025）11-2157-10
Abstract：Inthis study，seven gradient nitrogenapplicationrate treatments were setup，namelynonitrogen fertilizer control（CK），nitrogen application rate of 50kg/hm2 （T1）， 100kg/hm2 （T2）， 150kg/hm2 （T3）， 200kg/hm2 （T4），250 kg/hm2 （T5），and 300kg/hm2 （T6）.The efects of nitrogen application rates on maize growth and development and soil biological propertiesunderthedripirigationandfertigationintegrationmodewereanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatwiththeincreaseof nitrogen application rate，maizeleaf stomatal conductance，intercellular CO2 concentration，netphotosynthetic rate，yield，root activity，soil urease activity，soil phosphatase activity，soil sucrase activity，and soil catalase activityall showeda trend of first increasingand then decreasing.The findings revealed that an appropriate nitrogen application ratesignificantly increased maizeyieldby enhancingmaize photosynthesis，improvingsoil enzyme activity，and optimizingsoilphysicalandchemicalproperties.Thehighestmaizeyieldwasachievedwhenthenitrogenaplicationratewas 250 kg/hm2 .Appropriatenitrogen applicationcould increase thecontentsof soil microbial biomasscarbon（MBC），soil microbial biomass nitrogen（MBN），andsoil microbialbiomassphosphorus（MBP）.Among them，MBCcontentwas extremelysignificantly positively corelated with maize plant weight，ear weight，straw weight，grain weight，yield，and root length （ P< （20 0.01），and significantly positivelycorelated with plant height，stemdiameter，relative chlorophyllcontent，and numberof ears per plant （ P<0.05 ）. MBN content was significantly negatively correlated with 1OO-grain weight （ P<0.05 ）.MBP content wasextremely significantly positively correlated with root volume and root activity （ P<0.01 ），significantlypositively correlated withstrawweight （ P<0.05 ），and significantly negatively correlated with relativeroot surface area（ P<0.05 ）. These resultssuggested that MBCand MBNcontents were closely relatedto the accumulationofaboveground biomass and yield formationof maize，whileMBPcontentwascloselyrelatedtotheformationofrootmorphology.Theresultsofthisstudyprovidea theoretical basis for maize nitrogen management under the drip irigation and fertigation integration mode.
Key words：maize；drip irigation with fertigation integration；nitrogen application rate；yield；soil enzyme activity；soil microbial nutrient pool
玉米是中国主要的粮食作物，具有适应能力强，生产潜力大，经济效益高、机械化种植便捷等优势，在全球干旱半干旱区被广泛栽培[1-2]。（剩余12718字）
