降雨-开挖耦合下软土边坡响应分析及失稳机理研究

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中图分类号：TU391.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1005-8249（2025）06-0054-06

DOI：10.19860/j.cnki.issn1005-8249.2025.06.010

Abstract：Inresponsetotheinstabilityproblemofsoftsoil slopesunderthecoupling efectofrainfallandexcavation，model experiments wereconducted tosimulate therainfallexcavationcouplingconditions，and corresponding indicatorsoftheslope were monitored torevealitsinstabilitymechanism.Theresultsshowthatthehorizontal deformationatthetopoftheslope increases inthreestages，whiletheverticaldeformationisaffectedbysoilconsolidationandstressrelease，andundergoes processessuch asinitial stressconcentration，weakeningofconsolidationefect，anddominant excavationunloading；The deformationlawatthefotof theslopereflects thecoupling mechanismbetween excavationunloadingandsoilrheology；Thesoil moisturecontentchangesfromunsaturatedtosaturated withthe increaseofrainfallduration，showingacharacteristicof "first decreasingandthenincreasing"along thedepthdirection；Theporewaterpressurefieldshowsthehighestat tetopoftheslope， followed bythe midleoftheslope，andthelowestatthebottomoftheslopeduetogooddrainageconditions；Theinstability mechanism isbasedonexcavation，rainfallinfiltrationanderosion，whichformtheunstablematerialfoundation.Multilevel excavationandainfallinducedstresconcentration weakenthesoilstrength，presetingacoupledflurecharacteristicofslopetop deformation，slope fotupliftand pore water presure gradientexpansion.Theresearchresults provide keytheoretical support for theoptimizationof soft soil slope stabilityassessment and the formulation of prevention and control strategies.

Key words： soft soil slope；rainfall- excavation coupling； response index； destabilization mechanism

0 引言

软土是一种土体含水率较高、颗粒较小且剪切强度较低的土层，广泛分布于我国沿海地区及内陆河流冲积平原[1-2]。（剩余6201字）