枕长神经解剖方法的探索

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中图分类号：R323.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-503X（2025）03-0408-06

DOI：10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16309

Exploration of the Anatomical Methods for the Long Occipital Nerve

WU Min1，HU Tianhan²，WU Rangrang 1 Departmentof Histologyand Embryology，²Experimental Training Center for Medical Information， （20 3 Department of Anatomy，Wannan Medical Collge，Wuhu，Anhui 2410O2，China

Corresponding author：WU Min Tel：13805534597，E-mail：76323655@qq.com

ABSTRACT：Objective To further clarify the anatomical features of the long occipital nerve and summarize therapid anatomical method for it，thus providing anoperational basis for anatomists.MethodsThe bilateral sidesof the headand neck specimens of38adult formalin-fixed cadavers were dissected，with atotal of 76 specimens.The lateral cervical region，thesternocleidomastoid region，and the occipital region were dissected.The dissection focused on the long occipital nerve，the location and adjacent structural characteristics of which were carefully observed.ResultsThe long ocipital nerve was dissected out from 76 specimens.Through the posterior margin line（PML）anatomical method，the long ocipital nerve was identified1-3cm above the accessory nerve，near the posterior border of the deep surface of the upper sternocleidomastoid in 70 （ 92.1% ） specimens.Through the inflection point（IP）anatomical method，the long occipital nerve was observed within therange of thecircle with aradiusofabout1.5cmand centered on the midpoint of the line between the tipof the mastoid process and the tip of the external occipital protuberance in 6（ 7.9% ）specimens. Conclusions Thelong occipital nerve can bequickly found by thePML method or IP method.Although the long occipital nerve can definitely be identified by the IP method，the anatomical operation is difficult.

Keywords：lesser occipital nerve；accessory nerve；posteriorcervical triangle；long occipital nerve；inflection point ActaAcadMedSin，2025，47（3）：408-4

2018年吴敏等报道在颈后三角上部存在一条粗大的神经，并将其命名为枕长神经（图1）。（剩余9074字）