锂盐固废基地质聚合物多孔材料的制备及参数优化

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中图分类号：X75；TB33 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-8755（2025）03-0001-10

Abstract：To achieve the resource utilization of lithium salt solid waste， geopolymer porous materials were successfullyprepared using lithium salt solid waste as the raw material through high-temperature activation pretreatment combined with alkali activation technology.The phase composition，structure，and morphology of the materials were characterized using XRD，FT-IR，and Image -Pro Plus software. The effects of NaOH solution concentration，liquid-to-solid ratio， H2O2 dosage，and oil（foam stabilizer）dosage on material properties were studied through single factor experiments，and the optimal preparation parameters were obtained. The porous materials prepared under optimal conditions were further tested for Cu2+ （204 adsorption. The results show that calcination at 700∘C for 2h significantly enhance the activity of the lithium salt solid waste. Under the optimal preparation parameters of 100g of lithium salt solid waste， 8 mol/L NaOH concentration， liquid-to-solid ratio of 0.45， 0.8mL H2O2 ，and 1.0mL oil，the porous material achieves a porosity of 48% and an apparent density of 0.44g/cm3 . Additionally，it exhibits a Cu2+ adsorption rate of 41.6% and an adsorption capacity of 8.52mg/g ina 200mg/LCuSO4⋅5H2O （204号 solution. The geopolymer porous material prepared by high-temperature activation pretreatment combined with alkali activation technology is lightweight and porous，with certain heavy metal adsorption capacity， providing a feasible solution for the value-added utilization of solid waste and the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metal ions.

KeyWords： Lithium salt solid waste；High temperature activation； Geopolymer；Porous material

“锂”被誉为“二十一世纪的能源元素”，具有密度低、化学活性强的特性，锂及其化合物在新能源领域得到了广泛应用1。（剩余12081字）