第三支柱养老保险制度改革与发展

——基于多层次养老保险体系的视角

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中图分类号：F840.67 文献标识码：A D0I：10.7535/j.issn.1671-1653.2025.04.007

System Reform and Development of the Third-pillar Pension Insurance ： AStudy Based on the Multi-tier Pension Insurance System

ZHENG Xiaowei1，WU Yonghua²

（1.Human Resource Department，Hebei University of Science and Technology，Shijiazhuang O5oo18，China;

2.Schoolof Marxism，Hebei University of Science and Technology，Shijiazhuang O5oo18，China）

Abstract：As a crucial component of China's multi-tier pension insurance system，the third-pillar pension insurance plays an essential role in enhancing individual pension security，supplementing basic pension insurance and occupational annuities. Accelerating the development of the third pillar is a key strategy to address the challenges posed by an aging population and to promote economic and social development. The third pillar of the pension insurance system faces issues such as limited contribution channels， insuficient investment risk management，and rigid fund withdrawal methods. In practice， by broadening the contribution channels，introducing diversified investment management mechanisms，and making fund withdrawal methods more flexible，the flexibility and adaptability of individual pension plans can be enhanced. This effectively increases the coverage and security capacity of individual pensions，helps optimize the overall structure of China's multi-tiered pension insurance system，and elevates the level of the individual pension insurance system，thereby promoting the sustainable development of the pension insurance system.

Keywords： the third-pillar pension insurance； pension finance；multi-tier pension insurance system

一、引言

中华人民共和国民政部发布的《2023年民政事业发展统计公报》数据显示：“截至2023年底，全国60周岁及以上老年人口29697万人，占总人口的 21.1% ，其中65周岁及以上老年人口21676万人，占总人口的 15.4% 。（剩余9054字）