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中图分类号：F323.21；S812 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2025）05-1567-11

Abstract：The grassland system exhibits high spatiotemporal variability in ecological，economic，and political aspects，resulting in unpredictable consequences.The challenges faced by China's grasslands reflect a common global issue，prompting multiple countries and regions to adopt localized grassland management practices.However，the academic literatures on international experiences in grassland management systems remain frag mented.This study，based on property rights theory，systematically reviewed the literatures and selected typi cal cases from Mongolia，Kyrgyzstan，Kenya，and Australia forcomparativeanalysis and exploring the impacts of different institutional practices on grassland ecosystems.The results indicate that several international cases are actively exploring and implementing community-based natural resource management （CBNRM） systems. Emerging CBNRM cases are gradually integrating various management theories，evolving towards a“hybrid governance”models based on customs and markets mechanisms.

Key words： Grassand management system; Community-based natural resource management systems; Hybrid institutions;International experience

草原是一种具有重要生态功能的生态系统，覆盖了全球约 45% 的陆地面积，为人类提供气候调节、水源涵养、碳储存、生物多样性维护和土壤保护等多种重要生态服务[1-2]。（剩余23380字）