积极主义法律监督观下抗诉权的三重解构

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中图分类号：D925.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-3851（2025）04-0236-10

Abstract： Long-standing issues in appeal cases include low acceptance rates and high withdrawal rates. With further reforms in prosecutorial systems and prosecutorial power， an active legal supervision perspective has emerged，providing guidance for the correct exercise of the right of appeal from three aspects：attributes，theoretical foundation，and operational mechanism. First，under this view，legal supervisory authority is considered equivalent to prosecutorial power，encompassing direct supervision of public authorities and indirect supervision of legal obligation bearers. The right to appeal serves as a tool for both types of supervision. Second，the activist view abandons the theory of objective duty，adopting fiduciary theory，which requires prosecutors，as fiduciaries，to observe duties of prudence and loyalty. Third，as the long-term interests of defendants have been overlooked，the activist view calls for establishing an appeal duty oriented toward protecting defendants' interests， along with refining the operational mechanism of appeal to address potential challenges.

Key words： right of appeal； legal supervisory authority；activist view of legal supervision； fiduciary theory

2018—2022年，全国检察机关依照二审和再审程序提起抗诉的案件数量达4.1万件，抗诉率为0.7% 。（剩余15673字）