自然类的心灵独立标准新探

中图分类号：B085 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-3851（2025）04-0193-06

Abstract： Interpreting the naturalness of classification based on the mind-independent standard is an important aspect of defending natural kind realism. The various research approaches regarding the mindindependent standard have encountered difficulties in explaining the classification of synthetic or nonnatural scientific fields. From the explanations provided along the causal mechanisms among the properties of natural objects，existing studies mainly focus on the specific kind of a certain field，emphasizing the explanation of property clusters from a perspective of giving theoretical descriptions. But they need to explain the principles of unification that support property clusters from a perspective of theoretical normativity. In the dimension of theoretical normativity，locking the application of the mind-independent standard to the principles of unification，and conditionally accepting the mind-independent standard，can provide new support for the defense of natural kind realism. Related efforts need to draw on the research of metaphysics of properties to fundamentally explain the source and existence of the principles of unification.

Key words： natural kinds；mind-independent； realism； causal mechanism； principles of unification

根据作为共相的自然类是否实在，关于自然类的哲学研究形成实在论与唯名论两种理论取向，并集中于从分类标准的角度为自然类实在论辩护。（剩余10495字）