不同配置大豆玉米带状复合种植系统中各行作物的形态和产量

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Morphology and Yield of Crops in Diferent Rows Under Soybean and Maize Strip Compound Planting Systems WEI Xin-rul，YANG Wu-jie2，HEHao-chenetal（1.Shandong Agricultural University，Tai’an，Shandong 271018；2.Shandong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Jinan，Shandong ）

AbstractToquantifythechangesinplantmorphologyandyieldofsoybeanandmaieindferentfieldconfigurationsandprovideabsisfor selectingconfigurations，thisexperimentsetufiveintercroppingtreatments，namely24S2M，4S3M，62M，and63（esr presentows，Srepresentssoybeans，ndMrepresentsmaize）Using monoculturesoybeans（SS）andmonoculturemaize（S）ascotrols， theplantmorpholgy，ieldofachoofrops，landquivalentatioandcoomicbnefitsunderintercoppingtreatentsalyed. Resultsshowedthaterewerediferencsinsoybanyieldamongdiferentowsofsobeanmaiecompositeplantingodeswithdifreton figurations. Compared with monoculture， the configuration of 6 rows of soybeans resulted in a 53.20% decreased in yield for soybean row1 （the outermost row），a 42.73% decrease in yield for soybean row 2（the second row），and a 29.87% decreased in yield for soybean middle row.In the configuration of four rows of soybeans，the side row of soybeans decreased by 56. 18% compared to monoculture，and the middle row of soybeans decreased by 53.20% compared to monoculture.Soybeans yields of the configuration of 6 rows were 1.2O times higher than theconfiurationof4rowsofsoybeans.Thereweredifrencsinmaizeyieldamongdiferentrowsofsoybeanandmaizecompoundplanting modeswithdiferentcofiguratios.Theconfiguratioofowsofmaiehadmargialectsonachowofmaize，sotereasnsiint difrenceinmaeyieldetwnthofiguratioofowofaizeandmonocultur（exceptforS），hileteconfiguatioofowsf maizehadsignificantlylowermaizeyieldperowthanmonoculture.Although62Mwasbeneficialforsoybeangrowthandhadthehighstsoy beanyield，tesallspacingbtweenmaizeplantsasotconducivetomaizeyield；teofigurationofitercroping toosofsoas withtworowsofmaizehadasideroweectandtheighestyield，utthumberofsoybeanrowsassallesuinginsignifcantlylower soybeanyieldtnothofiguratiosFromteperspetieoflandqualentatiodoniceneits，hofiguratioofnteoing 4rowsofsoybeansand2rowsofmaizehadnosignificantdiferencecomparedtomonocure，andthesobeanyieldwashiger，akigita recommended configuration.

KeywordsSoybean；Maize；Intercropping；Plant morphology；Yield

我国主粮作物基本自给自足，但大豆作为主要的油料作物，2020年大豆自给率不足 20% ，高度依赖进口[1-3]，为了保证我国大豆安全，发展国内大豆产业，提高大豆种植面积，提升大豆产能，成为近年来备受关注的问题[4-5]。（剩余9431字）