甲骨卜辞所见般商军事力量探析

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Analysis of the Military Power of the Shang Dynasty as Seen in Oracle Bone Inscriptions ZHANG Yanan

（School ofLiterature，LangfangNormal University，Hebei，Langfang O65Ooo，China）

Abstract：Taking the oraclebone inscriptionsas the research object，the military strength of the Shang Dynasty wasanalyzed fromtheaspectsof militaryscale，nationaldefensefacilities，ntelligenceinvestigationandsearchability，and logistics support system.Itis found thatthearms of theYinand Shang Dynasties werecomplete，mainlyinfantryandchariot soldiers，supplementedbyacertainnumberof cavalry.Therearealargenumberof weapons， and thecommon weapons of later generations havebeen widely used in war.Troopsof Yinand Shang were divided into standing force which wasresponsible forcapital'ssafetyand formal combat unit which wascalled up provisionallyaccording to cognate.Thenumberswere largeand themilitary was institutionalized.The constructionof citydefense facilitiesandborderguard system madethenational defenseof Yinand Shangrelativelyperfect，and the reconnaissance and collection of intellgence and the relatively mature communication system could ensure he timelytransmisionof information.Inaddition，the strong military strengthofthe Shang dynastycould notbe separated from its good logistics base.The Shang king attached great importance tograin productionand granary construction，and the tribute ofthe vassal states not only effectivelysupplemented the economic needs ofthe Shang dynasty，but also enhanced the logistics support ability of the Shang Dynasty toa certain extent.

Key Words ： Oracle bones inscriptions；military；scale；national defense；information；logistics

国之大事，在祀与戎。（剩余11143字）