法国可负担住房制度的政策机制与空间导向：兼论中法制度差异与经验启示

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关键词：法国住房制度；社会住房；住房保障；空间治理；中法比较

Abstract：France has developed a multi-tiered social housing system characterized by strong state leadership，stable financial mechanisms，and legal institutionalization.This paper reviews the evolution of the French housing system from policy-driven programs to legallyprotected housingrights.It highlights how national financial tools such as the LivretA savings scheme and legal frameworks like the SRU and DALO laws have supported the long-term sustainabilityof housing provision.Italso examines how the policy of mixité sociale （social mix） promotes spatial redistribution and social integration through mandatory quotas， VEFA mechanisms，and urban renewal strategies.Based on this，the paper compares the housing systems of France and China across four dimensions：institutional structure，supply mechanism，spatial orientation，and governance logic.The comparison reveals structural differences in policy orientation， financial frameworks，and spatial outcomes.The findings suggest that China's affordable housing system could benefit frominstitutional reform focused on legal guarantees，diversified supply，and integrated spatial planning to support a more equitableand sustainable urban housing framework.

Keywords：French housing system;Social housing; Housing affordability;Spatial governance;China-Francecomparison

1.引言

住房是基本的社会资源，其制度安排与空间分配不仅关乎个体的生存权利，也体现出一个国家的社会治理能力与公共政策体系的结构特征。（剩余16533字）