不同果桑品种转色期糖组分积累的差异研究

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中图分类号：S663.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5774（2025）03-0291-06

Study on the difference of sugar component accumulation in different mulberry varieties during the veraison period

Zhong Qiuzhen，Lin Qihua， Zhang Zehuang （Fruit Research Institute，Fujian Academyof Agricultural Sciences，Fuzhou，Fujian 35oo13，China）

Abstract：【Objective】This studyinvestigates thechanges incompositionandcontentof solublesugars during theveraison periodof twomulberyvarieties，aiming tounderstandthecharacteristicsofsugaraccumulationand provideasientificbasis fordetermining theoptimal harvesting time.【Method】The fruitsof twomulberryvarieties，‘Taiwanchangguosang’and 'Dashi'，were usedas theresearch objects.The soluble sugar components in the five stages ofmulberry veraison period were determinedbygaschromatography-massspectrometry（GC-MS），andtheirchangingcharacteristicswereanalyzed. 【Result】A total of1O soluble sugar components were detected from the two kindsof mulberry fruits，and the sumof fructose， glucose and sucrose accounted for more than 99 % .'Taiwanchangguosang'was high sucrose，high fructose and high glucose type，and‘Dashi'was high fructoseandhigh glucose type.The acumulation ofsugarcomponents inthe fruitsof 'Taiwanchangguosang′increasedrapidlyintheearlystageoftheveraisonperiod（the fruitscolorchanged fromgren to white），whiletheaccumulationofsugarcomponents in'Dashi'increasedrapidlyinthemiddleandlatestages（thefruitsolor changed fromredto purple black）.【Conclusion】Two kinds of mulberry fruitsaccumulated fructose，glucose and sucrose duringtheveraisonperiod，andthesugaraccumulationof"Taiwanchangguosang'beganmoreearlierandthesuitable harvesting time was longer.

Keywords：mulberry fruit; soluble sugar component; fructose; glucose; GC-MS; harvesting time

果桑是桑科（Moraceae）桑属（Morus）果树，富含黄酮、花青素、生物碱、白藜芦醇、多糖等多种功能活性成分，具有增强免疫力、抗衰老、降血糖、促进造血细胞生长等药理作用[1-3]，目前，‘台湾长果桑’和‘大十’果桑为福建的果桑主栽品种[5]，‘粵椹大10’果桑简称‘大十’果桑，是由广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所选育的三倍体果叶两用桑树品种，其单果重5g 左右，可溶性固形物含量 13% ，适合采摘园或农家乐栽培[6-7]，‘大十’果桑在福州地区的果实主要采摘时间在3月下旬至4月下旬。（剩余6241字）