基于引力模型的郊野公园吸引力评价

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中图分类号：TU986.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-2006（2025）04-0233-08

Attractiveness evaluation of country-side parks based on gravity model

ZHANG Fan，LIU Yufei，QIU Yuqian，QIU Bing （Collge ofLandscape Architecture，Nanjing ForestryUniversity，Nanjing 21OO37，China）

Abstract：【Objective】This research aims to identify factors influencing the atractiveness of country-side parks， constructa specialized evaluation system，and providea theoretical basis for improving visitation ratesand utilization rates，therebyenhancing thegreenspacebenefitsofcountry-sideparks.【Method】Athree-dimensionalanalytical framework of push，pull，andresistancefactors wasconstructed toevaluate theentireprocessofvisitors’perceptionof theatractiveness of country-sideparks.Four well-developedcountry-sideparks in Nanjing wereselected for questionnaire surveys.SPSS22.O was used to conductfactor analysis and principal component analysis onthedata.The weightsof each indicator and factor were calculated using specific formulas.The weightsand indicator scores were then incorporated into a gravity model toobtain comprehensive evaluation scores，which were compared with visitor ratings and onlinereviews.【Result】Withinthepush factor dimension，theinfluencesofrelaxation，socialandcognitive experiences，and self-fulfllmentandachievement werecomparable，with self-fulfillmentandachievementandsocial and cognitiveexperienceshaving slightlyhigherimpacts.Inthepullfactordimension，natural environment，science education，and service facilities exhibited significant influences.Intheresistance factor dimension，timeand economic costswerethe mostimpactful.Theattractiveness scores derived from the gravitymodel were largelyconsistent with visitor ratingsandonlinereviews，demonstrating thattheconstructedevaluation system forcountry-sideparkatractiveness holds theoretical significancefortheplanning，design，andenhancementofcountry-sideparks.【Conclusion】This study developedaunique evaluationsystem fortheatractivenessofcountry-side parks，distinctfromothertypesof green spaces.By incorporating push，pull，andresistance factors，theevaluation system enriches the perspectiveof visitor assessments forcountry-side parks.Theatractiveness enhancement strategiesproposed based onthe weightresults provide a scientific basis for increasing visitor flow and utilization rates of country-side parks.

Keywords：country-sidepark；atractivenessevaluation；gravitymodel;；factoranalysis；principal componentanalysis（PCA）

随着国土空间规划体系的完善，郊野公园的战略地位日益凸显。（剩余13176字）