压力倍放高精感知机构设计方法研究

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中图分类号：TH137.52

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.015

Abstract： Aiming at the issues of delayed response in gas self-closing valves under gas leakage conditions，a high-precision sensing mechanism was designed based on the pressure amplification efect to improve the accuracy of abnormal flow cutoff. In the general parameterization （GP） stage，a pressure amplification sensing mechanism was explored，and a corresponding pressure amplification unit structure was designed.The spool dynamics model and a zonal pressure drop mathematical model were established，revealing the core mechanism by which minute flow changes trigger an exponential pressure drop surge and the key influences of spring stiffness on response characteristics. In the inverse parameterization/ specific parameterization （IP/SP）stage，key parameter optimization was carried out based on the proposed GIS-P derivation method： through IP combined with FLUENT flow field simulation data，key empirical parameters in the pressure drop mathematical model were calibrated；then，via SP focusing on the target cutoff flow rate，the optimal spring stifness was determined based on the analysis of the spool force-displacement characteristics. The research confirms that the proposed pressure amplification unit and the GIS-P optimization method may provide an efective theoretical basis and key parameter design guidance for the development of high-precision gas self-closing valves.

Key words： pressure amplifier； flow field characteristics； stiffness optimization design；mathematicalmodel of pressure drop；“general-inverse-specific” parameterization（GIS-P） derivation method

0 引言

近年来，因灶具、燃气表、胶管及管道等元器件材料腐蚀或受外力破坏导致的燃气泄漏与爆炸事故频发1，已成为继交通事故和工伤事故之后的第三大安全威胁，造成重大社会损失。（剩余11176字）