全球升温和降水变化对农田土壤呼吸的影响

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中图分类号：S155.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-390X（2025）03-0175-11

Abstract： As an important part of terrestrial ecosystem， farmland ecosystem is important source/sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Exploring the eects of global warming and precipitation change on soil respiration （Rs） in agricultural fields and their driving mechanisms， is of great significance for the in-depth understanding of the carbon cycle in agricultural soil and the evaluation of the future carbon budget of agricultural ecosystems. This paper reviews the current status of research on the effects and driving mechanisms of warming and precipitation change and their interactions on farmland Rs as well as the modelling of farmland Rs in recent years. The results show that：1） short-term warming can enhance Rs in tropical， subtropical， and warm temperate farmland; long-term warming can increase Rs initially but may decrease with time. Warming has no significant effect on the Rs in cold climate farmland. 2） When there is water deficit in agricultural soil， precipitation can cause a strong Rs stimulation effect. Under the condition of soil wetness， precipitation has an inhibitory efect on Rs . 3） The coupling effect of warming and precipitation change on the impact of Rs in farmland depends on the ratio of soil water and heat factors. 4） The changes in soil properties， soil microorganisms， and crop productivity in farmland caused by warming and precipitation changes are the dominant factors and mechanisms controlling Rs . 5）At present， the simulation of Rs in farmland mostly uses empirical models with temperature and water as independent variables， which can hardly be applied to regional or global Rs research. In the future， long-term inter-site network observation experiments of Rs in farmland should be strengthened， regulatory mechanism of farmland Rs driven by crop-soil-microbe need to analyze deeply， and mechanism model of Rs in farmland under the coupling action of warming， precipitation change and its coupling effect should be constructed. It will improve the accuracy and reliability of earth system models in predicting the impacts of climate change on Rs

Keywords： soil respiration; warming; precipitation change; soil microorganisms; farmland

联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange，IPCC）第六次评估报告指出：1个多世纪以来，化石燃料燃烧、土地利用等人类活动导致全球变暖，使当前全球平均气温比工业化前高 1.1qC ，并预计未来20年还将升高 ，高温、干旱、降水等极端天气事件也变得更加频繁和强烈[2]。（剩余22654字）