腐熟剂适宜用量显著提高秸秆腐解率并降低麦玉轮作农田 周年温室气体排放

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关键词：腐熟剂；秸秆还田；温室气体；腐解特征；作物产量中图分类号：S141.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1671-8151（2025）05-0087-13

Abstract：Objective]Long-term strawincorporationcanleadtoimpairedsoiltructureandenvironmentalrisksduetoslowdecomposition.Thisstudy，conductedontheGuanzhongPlaininawinterwheat-summermaizerotationsystem，investigatedthe efects ofdiferentdecomposerapplicationratesonstrawdecompositionandgrenhousegas emissions，withthegoalofidentify ingastrategythatenhancescropyieldwhilereducinggreehousegasemision.Methods]Afieldexperimentwasconductedin theYangling Demonstration Zone，Shaanxi Province from 2O2Oto2O21.A single-factor，completelyrandomized block design was employed with four decomposer application rates ： 30kg/hm2（T1） ， 45kg/hm2 （T2）， 60kg/hm2 （T3），and 75kg/hm2 （20 （T4），alongsideacontrolwithnodecomposer（CK）．Annual GHGfluxes weremonitored todeterminetheircumulativeemissionsandglobal warming potential.[Results]At3O，9O，12O，and36Odaysafterincorporation，thestrawdecompositionrate under T2 was 30.66% ， 10.68% ， 6.95% and 3.21% higher than CK，respectively，with the increases at 3O and 90 days being statistically significant.The soil was a net source for CO2 and N2O emissions and a net sink for CH4 .Decomposer application significantly regulated GHG flux. Compared to CK，the T3 treatment significantly reduced cumulative anual CC ′2 and N2O emissions and doubled the cumulative CH4 uptake.Decomposer application also significantly affected the annual global warming potential （GWP） of the system.The GWP across treatments ranked as T4> T1 > T2 $$ CK > T3，with significant differences（ ℏ<0.05 ）.The T3 treatment resulted in the lowest annual GWP 1833.2kgCO2-eq/hm2 ，while T2 produced a GWP of 2107.01kgCO2-e q/hm² with a GHG emission intensity of 0.11kgCO2-eq/hm2 . Crop yields were also significantly influenced. T2 yielded the highest summer maize （12293.78kg/hm2） and winter wheat （ 7318.50kg/hm2 ） production，resulting in the highest total yield.[Conclusion]In summary，straw incorporation combined with a decomposer at 45kg/hm2 （T2）accelerated strawdecomposition，significantlyreducedannual GHGemisions，andoptimizedcropyields.Thisapproacheffectively balances environmental benefits with economic viability.

Keywords： Decomposer，Straw incorporation，Greenhouse gases，，Decomposition characteristics，Crop yield

全球变暖趋势逐年加剧，极端气候事件频繁发生，近年来减少温室气体排放的研究备受重视。（剩余21765字）