黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地改良效果评价

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中图分类号：S156.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1671-8151（2025）05-0009-09

Abstract：Objective]Thecoastalsaline-alkalilandintheYelowRiverDeltasuferfromlowproductivityduetopoorsoilstruc ture and highsalinity，whichchalengesChina'sstrategic goalsforfarmland preservationandfoodsecurity.This studyaimedto identifyeffectivesoilamendments，assesstheirindividualandcombinedeffectsonsoilimprovement，andexploreitegrated technicalmeasuressuitableforrehabilitating thesecoastalsaline-alkalilands，therebyproviding technicalsupportforthe“Stor ingGraininLand”strategy.[Methods]Afieldexperimentwasconductedfrom2O22to2O24inQingfuCommunity，Liutuan Town，Changyi City，Shandong Province，anarea cjaracterized bymild tomoderate salinity within theYellow River Delta. Employing awheat-maizerotation system，the experimentusedoptimizedfertlization（OPT）as abaselineand tested it ncombination with foursoil amendments：nitro-humicacid，micro-mineralpowder，phosphogypsum，and polyacrylamide.Atotal ofeighttreatmentswereestablished，withconventionalfertilization（FP）servingasthecontrol.Aftertwoconsecutiveyearsof amendmentapplication，diferences intopsoilqualityandcropyieldwereanalyzedusingthesoilqualityindex（SQI）andprincipal component analysis（PCA）to identifytheoptimaltreatmentcombination.[Results]Compared to theFP treatment，the OPG treatment （optimized fertilization + phosphogypsum） significantly reduced topsoil pH ，total soluble salt content， Mg2+ content， Na+ content，and Sodium Adsorption Ratio（SAR）by 6.65% ， 39.35% ， 44.70% ， 96.30% ，and 96.22% ，respectively.Although the OSR2 treatment（optimized fertilization + split application of micro-mineral powder）only significantly reduced thetotalsolublesaltcontent，itachievedthehighestsoilqualityindex（SQI）ofO.67andthetopcomprehensivescore in the principal component analysis. Furthermore，OSR2 resulted in a significantly increase by 10.78% in the average annual yield.Conclusion]Theappicationof mineralpowderasabase fertilizerduring thewheat andcorn seasons，combined with optimizedfertilizationprovedtobethemostefectivecomprehensiveimprovementmeasureinthisstudy.However，therelative lyhighNa+contentandSARvalueinthetopsoilunderthis treatment indicatedapersistentriskofsaliization-alkalization.Future research should explore its combination with phosphogypsum to further enhance the amelioration ffect.

Keywords：Coastalsaline-alkalilands，Soil improvement，Soilqualityidex（SQI），Principalcomponentanalysis（PCA），Crop yield

土壤盐碱化会导致农作物减产、土壤结构退化和水资源利用率降低等一系列问题，进而造成严重的生态和环境风险[1-2]。（剩余16816字）