覆土年限调控高节竹笋外观和营养品质的效应

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中图分类号：S795.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1671-8151（2025）05-0070-08

Abstract：[Objective]Phylostachysprominens isanimportantshoo-producingbamboospeciesinthehillregionsofsouthe China.Soil mulchingcultivation isa widelyadopted management practiceforthis species.However，long-termsoil mulching mayleadtodegradationofbamboo forest soil.This studyinvestigated the diferentialchanges inappearance，flavorquality， and nutritional components of P ·prominens shoots under different soil mulching duration gradients，aiming to provide a reference foroptimizing soil mulchingcultivation practices.[Methods]Shoots werecolected from bamboo forests subjected to1-， 3-，and 5-yearmulching treatments，aswellasfromacontrol（unmulched）forest.Theirappearancequalitynutritionalcom position，andaminoacid content were analyzedand compared.[Results]Mulching foroneand three yearssignificantlyincreased shoot length and individual shoot weight （ P<0.05 ），enhanced the bright yellow coloration of sheaths，increased the contentofprotein，crudefat，andstarch，andreducedthelevelsofligninandcellose，thereby mitigatingshoottexturecoarseness.However，withprolonged mulchingduration，shootappearanceandnutritionalqualitygradualldiminished，accompa niedbyincreased fibercontent.Totalaminoacidand essentialaminoacidcontentsdecreased significantlyundermulching（ P< 0.05）.Nevertheless，the proportions of umami and aromatic amino acids increased by 3.17%～26.91% and 5.49%～

87.31% ，respectively，while the proportions of sweet amino acids decreased by 12.49%～29.53% .[Conclusion]Soil mulch ingcultivationsignificantlyimprovedtheappearanceandflavorqualityofbambooshoos，buttheseefectsvarydyamically with mulchingduration.Mulching foroneand three yearssynergisticallenhanced shotappearance，nutritional qualityand palatability，whereas mulchingforfiveyears ledtonutrientcompetitionand metabolicimbalance，causingadecline incertain shootqualityindicators.Taking productionand mulchingcosts intocomprehensiveconsideration，a3-yearmulchingcycleisoptimal for achieving high quality and yield in P ：prominens shoots.

KeyWords：Phyllostachys prominens，Soil mulching，Durations，Color parameter，Cellulose，Amino acid

高节竹（Phyllostachysprominens）属禾本科竹亚科刚竹属，是我国南方丘陵地区重要的笋用竹种之一，因其笋期长、产量高、味鲜美、营养丰富，深受消费者喜爱[1]。（剩余14418字）