棉田土壤微塑料分布及其对土壤特性的影响

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中图分类号：S154.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1671-8151（2025）05-0018-09

Abstract：[Objective]This studyaimed toaccuratelyevaluate the impactof soilmicroplastics（MPs）onthe properties of the plough layersoil.[Methods]Experimentalplots underplasticfilm mulching （FM）and non-mulching（NM）cultivation were selected.Soil samples were collected from three depth layers：top layer （ 0～10cm ），middlelayer（ 10～20cm ），and bottom lay er （ 20～30cm ）.The abundance of MPs（ 20～500μm ），along with total nitrogen（TN），soil organic carbon（SOC），and five soil enzyme activities（urease，URE；sucrase，SUC; Celulase，CBH; Alkaline phosphatase，ALP; Catalase，CAT）were determined foreachlayer.Further more，acorelationanalysis was conducted betweenthecharacteristicindicatorsof theplough layersoiland thenumberofMPsparticles.[Results]Atotalof26typesofMPsweredetected intheploughlayersoil.Analysis pfthe seven predominantMPsrevealedthatunderFMconditions，FR-MPsabundance increasedwithsoildepth，whilePU-， PE-，and ACR-MPs abundance decreased.The abundance ofPET-MPsin the topand midle layers，and FR-MPs om the botom layer，wassignificantor highly significantly higher under FMthan underNM.Conversely，ACR-MPsabundancein thebottom layerwas significantlyhigherunderNMthanunderFM.SOCcontentinthe topand midlelayers wassignificantly orextremely significantly higher thanunderNM.PU-MPsandPE-MPsabundance showedasignificant positivecorrelation with C/Nratio.CBHactivity inthe topand bottom layers wassignificantly higherunderFMthanunderNM.In themiddle layer，UREandCATactivities weresignificantlyhigherunderFMthanunderNM.Incontrast，CATactivityinthebottom layer WasignificantlylowerunderFMthanunderNM.PP-MPsabundance showedasignificant positivecorelation with both CBH and SUC activities.Similarly，ACR-MPsabundance was significantly positively correlated with CATactivity.[Conclusion]A total of 26 types of MPs，ranging from 20 to 500μm in diameter，were detected in the plough layer of cotton fields. Among the seven majorMPsanalyzed，PE-MPsabundance was consistently higherunderFMthanunderNMacross ll soil layers，whileshowingadecreasingtrendwith increasingsoildepth.CorelationanalysisrevealedthatMPsdistributionaffected bothSOCcontentandsoil enzymeactivity.However，noconsistent patterns wereobserved insoil propertiesacrossdierent plough layers or in their correlations with MPs.

Keywords：Microplastics（MPs），Plough layers，Soil organic carbon（SOC），Biological enzyme

微塑料（microplastics，MPs）的概念由Thompson等[12004年首次提出，是指尺寸小于 5mm 的塑料颗粒、纤维或碎片，呈亚微米级分散态，具有半衰期极长、良好的疏水性及化学惰性等特性[2]，广泛存在于土壤、海洋、空气和淡水等环境中。（剩余13435字）