中国短绒野大豆遗传资源的群落特征分析

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Abstract： Glycine tomentella，which belongs to Glycine subgenus of Glycine Willd.，is a secondary protected wild plant species in China.It is distributed in coastal areas ofFujian and Guangdong provinces and their adjacent islands.Asa valuable genetic resource for soybean breeding，it has experienced population declines in recent years due to land development，herbicide overuse，environmental changes and other anthropogenic pressres in its native habitats.Therefore，understanding its plant community composition and structural characteristics is critical for developing efective protection strategies for this species.In this study，50 G.tomentella plant communities were surveyed across the coastal zones ofFujian and Guangdong provinces.The ecological data of plant composition，plant density and average plant height of 255 quadrats （ 1m×1m ）were investigated，and the species diversity，interspecific relationshipand niche characteristics of the communities were analyzed.The results showed that：There were significant differences in the plant composition of G. tomentella community between Fujian and Guangdong provinces. A total of 166 species （138 genera and 48 families）were recorded， including 123 species of herbaceous plants （ 74.10% ），there are 53 species belonging to 45 genera，23 familiesunique toFujian provinceand70 species belonging to 64 genera，27 families unique to Guangdong province.The two provinces shared only13 dominant species，and there are significant differences in the composition of plant communities.The interspecific asociation degree of the community species in Fujian province was higher than that in Guangdong province，and the distribution of species was more uniform at the quadrat level. The niche breadth of Imperata cylindrica and Cynodon dactylon in Guangdong province was much higher than that in Fujian province. The species with higher niche overlap diffred entirely between the two communities，indicating geographical adaptability in niche traits.These results revealed mostly non-significant negative correlations，suggesting that the species were basically independent. The communities in the two provinces appear to be in an unstable state，underscoring the need for region-specific conservation.

Key words： Glycine tomentella ; species diversity;interspecific relationships; niche characteristics

大豆属（GlycineWilld.）多年生Glycine亚属在我国仅有两个种分布[1-3]，即短绒野大豆（G.tomentella）和烟豆（G.tabacina），这两个种是一年生Soja亚属[栽培大豆（G.max）和野生大豆（G.soja）]的近缘野生种，也是我国大豆遗传资源的重要组成部分。（剩余18231字）