环塔里木盆地桃地方品种资源考察与优异种质发掘

打开文本图片集

Abstract：Native peach is the popular name for the local varieties （lines， plants） in South Xinjiang， China. From 2014 to 2024，we conducted 15 systematic surveys of peach germplasm resources at 24 counties encircling the Tarim Basin，with a focus on Kashgar and Wada prefectures in Xinxiang.The largest population of native peach was found in Yarkant County （Kashgar）.A total of 313 peach germplasm resources were characterized， including 223 accessions belonging to Prunus persica L.，76 accessions belonging to P. ferganensis Kost. et Riab，and 13 interspecies hybrids between Prunuspersica and P. communis，or between P. ferganensis ⋅× P. communis.Ripen date ranges from early July to early November，and fruit types include common peach （262 accessions），nectarine（50 accessions）and flat peach（one accession）.Arich diversity on the color of the skin and flesh was found，and the color of skin are pure green，pure yellow，pure white and so on.We identified several rare and endangered germplasm resources，comprising Xiu Zhen You Tao，Hetian Lv Pi Tao，Hetian Bai Tao， Shache LvPi You Tao 2，Pishan Huang Ai Xi1， Moyu Huang 1， Huang Leng Tao，and Bai Leng Tao. Our surveys havedocumented the distribution paternsand diversity levels of native peach germplasmresources in the Tarim Basinregion，and have clarified their currnt utilization status.This study has demonstrated that the Tarim Basin region harbors the most abundant diversityof local peach varieties in China，and has identified promising varieties for commercial production，thus laying a foundation for the protection and utilization ofnative peach in this area.

Key words： Tarim Basin;peach;germplasm resources;survey;collection

塔里木盆地位于新疆南部，东西长约 1500km 南北宽约 600km ，总面积达 523400km2 ，约占新疆总面积的 60% ，是中国面积最大的内陆盆地。（剩余10819字）