典型黑土区坡耕地侵蚀特征及其对氮素迁移的影响

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中图分类号：S157.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-2043（2025）06-1590-10 doi：10.11654/jaes.2024-0596

Erosioncharacteristics of sloping croplands intypical black soil regionand its efects on nitrogen migration WANG Jianxi，²，GAO Lei²*，QIAN Rui2，3 ，LIU Xia'，PENG Xinhua²，3

（1.Co-IoiotefsabletouaofstrjUesity China;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilandSustainableAgriculture，InstituteofSoilScience，ChineseAcademyofSciences，Nanjing 211135，China; 3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 1Ooo49，China）

Abstract：Toclarifytheerosionanddepositioncharacteristisatdiferenpositionsonslopedfarmlandinatypialblacksoilgioand thenitrogenmigrationdrivenbyteseprcesss.Thoughinsitudynamicmonitorngin3，theerosioanddepositionatesatit slopepositionswerequantified，andteimpactoferosiononnitrogenmigrationwaselucidated.Teresultshowstat：dringthestudy period，the sloped farmland experienced moderate erosion，with erosion rate of 2530.7t⋅km-2⋅a-1 ，the soil loss rate was 1085.5t⋅km-2⋅a-1 andananuallosstcknsofO99merosioddpositocaracteistsrdigicantlcossditrosii， alteringthspatialpaeoflacksillrickessoeloe.Temdlesopesidtidsa"otsptflackslo，ih 3.5mmofsoilerosioninO2，whiletheupperslopelost1.8m，andthelowerslopesawanincreaseiblacksoillyerthicknesby6.8 mm.Soil erosion had asignificant impact onnitrogen migration，with anannual total nitrogen（TN）lossintensityof 18.9 1kg⋅hm-2 on the sloped farmland. The nitrogen loss intensities were 37.2kg⋅hm-2 on the upper slope and 57.9 kg⋅hm-2 on the middle slope， whereas 113.3 kg⋅hm-2 was depositedatthelowerslope.Extremerainfallevents playedacrucialroleinblack soil erosionandnitrogenmigration.Asingle extreme rainfall event，accounting for 22% of the annual precipitation，contributed 34% of the runoff， 49% of the sediment yield，and （204号 44% ofthenitrogenlossTheerosionanddepositionofsoilonslopfarmlandintypicalblack soilregions exhibitdisticttemporalnd spatialchracti，itlfilgs.deis"otsptosige extreme rainfall events are the "hot moments" for these processes.

eywords：mollisol; soil erosion; nitrogen loss; slope position; extreme precipitatiol

我国东北黑土区是世界四大黑土区之一，面积约109万 km2 ，包括黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省和内蒙古自治区的东四盟。（剩余16702字）