典型陇中梁昴沟壑区天然草地植物群落特征及多样性研究

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中图分类号：S813 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-0960（2025）01-0039-08

Study on the Plant Community Structure and Species Diversity of Natural Grasslands in the Typical Loess Hilly and Gully Region of Central Gansu Province

WANG Hongxia

（Forestry TechnologyGuidanceStationin Qin'anCounty，Qin'anGansu7416oo，China）

Abstract： This study utilized the quadrat survey method to analyze the differences in plant community structureand species diversity across 1O sample plots in the loesshill-gully region of central Gansu by investigating plant composition and diversity index.The research revealed the variation paterns of natural grasland plant community structure and diversity in thisarea.Theresults indicated：1）A totalof61 plant species belonging to 24 familiesand 54 genera were recorded，with Asteraceae，Fabaceae，and Poaceae being the most widely distributed families.The plant communities were dominated by hemicryptophytes，and the dominant species included Artemisia giraldii，Stipa bungeana，Bothriochloa ischaemum，Carex aridula， andCleistogenes squarosa.2） Significant differences were observed inthe Patrick richness index among the plots，while the Simpson diversity index，Shannon-Wienerdiversity index，and Pielouevenness index were relatively low （p<0.05） ，along with a low Jaccard similarity index.The study recommends prioritizing grass species with high frequencyand importance values-such as Bothriochloa ischaemum，Lespedeza davurica， Onobrychis viciaefolia，Medicago sativa，Leymus secalinus，and Stipa bungeana-in the conservation and restoration of natural grasslands in this region.Establishing near-natural plant community structures will help maintain and enhance species diversity.

Keywords：loess hill-gully region; plant community; importance value; diversity index

草地是陇中东南部温带干旱半干旱气候条件下的主要植被之一，在保持水土、涵养水源和改善农田小气候等方面具有极为重要的作用，而草地植物群落是草地生态系统中对自然环境最敏感的要素，是维持草地生物多样性的关键因素，因此，研究草地植物群落多样性有助于充分认识草地结构特征、生长健康状态、发展趋势和生态系统稳定状况[1。（剩余7385字）