苹果与梨换茬栽植对新植果树幼苗生长的影响

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中图分类号：S661 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2025）08-0035-07

AbstractIn order to explore the feasibility of rotation apple and pear trees，this study analyzed the effects of aging orchard soil of apple and pear on seedlings growth and physicochemical properties of Pyrus betulifolia Bunge.and Malus hupehensis Rehd and soil properties，using soil fumigation with methyl bromide in aging apple and pear orchards respectively.The results showed that compared to methyl bromide fumigation in the aging apple orchard soil， direct planting of P . betulifolia Bunge. seedlings in the aging apple orchard soil led to significant reductions in seedling height，stem diameter，fresh weight，dry weight，and rot morphological indicators.Additionall，root vitality andantioxidant enzyme activity were inhibited，malondialdehyde （MDA）content increased，and soil microbial community structure was changed with a rise in fungal abundanceand a decline in bacterial abundance，along with an increase in the abundance of harmful bacterial genera.A similar pattern was observed in the above indicators when M.hupehensis Rehd.seedlings were planted directly in the aging pear orchard soil. Overall，it was not suitable to rotate of apple and pear directly in aging orchard soil，and further soil treatment was required.This study could provide theoretical insights into apple and pear cropping rotation and fruit tree rotation practices.

KeywordsApple; Pear; Crop rotation; Seedling growth; Soil microorganism

近年来，随着单一果树长期连作所带来的问题日益突出，如土壤养分失衡、病原微生物积累水平升高和土壤肥力下降等，致使果树生长势减弱，果实产量和品质降低，基于此为了提升产区更高的经济效益，果树轮作栽培成为果树产业常见的现象[1]。（剩余10592字）