清代河南旱涝灾害时空格局演变及粮价响应

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中图分类号：P467；K249;P426.616 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-5072（2025）04-0420-08

Evolution of Spatio-temporal Patterns of Droughts and Floods in Henan During the Qing Dynasty and the Grain Prices in Response

SHAO Yuea，DAI Ji-caiabc

（a.SchoolofGeographyandTourism，b.ChongqingKeyLaboratoryofGeographic InformationSystemApplicationResearch， c.ChongqingKeylaboratoryof Earth Surface ProcessandEnvironmentRemote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area， Chongqing Normal University，Chongqing 401331，China）

Abstract：By collcting and organizing the historical data of droughts and floods in Henan during the Qing Dynasty，we analyze the spatio-temporal patern evolution characteristics of droughtsand floods there in the Qing Dynasty and their relationship with grain prices with the method of disaster level and the average drought-flood index.Theresultsshow that：（1）There were 2584 droughts and floods in Henan during the Qing Dynasty，including 1527 droughtsand1057 floods.The frequency of droughtsand floods shows a fluctuating downward trend，and the wholecan be divided into four periods.（2）Droughts mostly occur in spring and summer，which is easy to cause multi-seasonal continuous drought;floods often occur in summer，which is a single-season disaster.（3）The spatial distributionof droughts is relatively decentralized， with a high incidence in the Yellow River basin where Xiuwu county，Wuzhi county，and Youjia county are located;floods are concentrated in the eastern Huang-Huai-Hai Plain centered on Huaining county （present-day Huaiyang district，Zhoukou），Shangshui county，Xiangcheng county，and Yancheng county （present-day Yancheng district，Luohe）.（4）There is a change from drought to flood in Henan as a whole，with the area of the drought zone shrinkingand the area of the flood zone expanding.（5）The prices of rice，wheat，corn，sorghum，and black beans respond to droughts and floods with a one-year lag， with the strongest correlation between wheat prices and the frequency of droughtsand floods.Learning from the past，analyzing the historicallaw of droughtsand floodsand their relationship with grain prices is of great significance for disaster prevention and mitigation，the stability of grain prices and the maintaining of food security in present-day Henan province.

Keywords：drought and flood disasters;spatio-temporal evolution;grain prices;the Qing Dynasty;Henan area

中国地域辽阔，地理环境复杂，气候稳定性差，自然灾害的类型多、发生频率高，是世界上受灾最严重的国家之一[1]。（剩余9570字）