花后喷施不同浓度叶面肥对小麦产量和氮素吸收利用的影响

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中图法分类号：S512.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-2324（2025）02-0226-10

Abstract：TakingthecultivarLufeng128andJimai44asexperimentalmaterial，sixfoliarfertilizerconcentrationtreatments of 0，1，2，3，4， 5ml⋅L-1 （represented byCK，T1，T2，T3，T4 andT5，respectively） are setupintheexperimental stationof XinjiangLufeng AgriculturalScienceandTechnologyDevelopmentCo.，Ltd.inYingjisha County，KashgarCityfrom2022 to 2023.Theefects ofdifferentconcentrations offoliarfertilizer spraying after anthesis on wheatyieldand nitrogenuptake andutilizationare studied.Theresultsshow thatcompared withCK，spraying foliar fertilizers afteranthesis increasethedry materaccumulationatmaturityanditsdistributioningrainsbypromotingthedrymaterproductionafteranthesisand its contributionrate tograins，therebyenhancing thethousand-grain weightandyield.Meanwhile，through increasing the nitrogenuptakeafteranthesisand itscontributionratetograin nitrogen，thegrain nitrogenaccumulationandthenitrogen accumulationatmaturityareraised，therebyimproving thenitrogenuptake efficiencyand nitrogenuse eficiency（NUE）. Thesprayingeffectsoffoliarfertilizersvarywithdiferentconcentrations.UndertheT3andT4treatments，theincrementin wheat yield （12.1%-12.5% ， 12.7%-13.1% ）andNUE （12.12%-12.51% ， 12.74%-13.09% ）are the largest.However， excesive sprayingconcentrationsoffoliarfertilizercouldreduce theharvest index，grain weight，nitrogenharvestindex and nitrogenutilization efficiency，thereby reducing theyieldandNUE.The modelanalysisindicatethat aspraying concentration of 3.41-3.57mL⋅L-1 ofHeizefeng foliar fertilizer achieves the optimal yield and efciency improvement for wheat in production.Theconclusion providesareference for enriching the technologyof"spraying once for three protections" for wheat production and enhancing the yield and NUE of winter wheatin southern Xinjiang. Keywords：Winterwheat; foliar fertilizer;drymatter;nitrogen;yield

小麦是我国重要的粮食作物，提高小麦产量对于保障国家粮食安全和经济社会安全稳定发展至关重要[12]。（剩余14195字）