基于冲击失效机理的PDC钻头优化设计方法研究

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中图分类号：TE921文献标识码：A DOI：10.12473/CPM.202503086

Abstract：Toenhance theanti-failure capabilityof PDC bits andextend bitservice life，themain impact characteristics of PDC cuters in diferent regions of the bit were investigated.A study was conductedon the cutting structuredesign elements ofPDCbits.Using field dataofPDCbitsinablock，typical impactfailures ofPDCcutters and the locations of failed cuters on the bit were statistically analyzed.Based on the statistical results，a regional cuter layout method of special-shaped cuters was proposed and field-tested in an ultra-deep well.The research andapplication results show that the cuting structure design ofthe bit directly aects therate of penetration （ROP）of the PDC bit.By designing each part of thecuting structure in a targeted manner and allowing he parameters of each partto cooperate and complement each other，the overalldriling performance of the PDC bit is greatly enhanced.Thecombinatorial optimizationof diffrent parts ofPDC bit cuting structure enhances the stabilityof PDC bit in downholedriling and reduces therisk of downholeaccidents.Theregional cuterlayout method of special-shaped cutters prevents the low-effciency drillng caused by impact failureofbitcuters，improves the workingeffciencyofthebit，andshortens the non-driling time causedbybitfailure.Theresearchresults provide reference for the cutter layout design and process formulation of long-life and high-efficiency PDC bit.

Keywords： ultra-deep well； PDC bit； impact characteristics；failure mechanism； cutting structure；regionalutter layout;special-shaped cutter

0 引言

近年来，我国在深井和超深井区域勘探开发力度不断加大，井下钻遇复杂地层越来越多，给钻井提速增效带来了巨大挑战。（剩余11720字）