有机物料等氮量还田对紫色土土壤质量的影响

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关键词：有机物料还田;团聚体;土壤酶活性;土壤质量指数;石灰性紫色土中图分类号：S158 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-6819（2025）04-1010-11 doi：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0017

Effects of organic material return on quality of purple soil under equal nitrogen rat

PENGDandan，XUKaiwei，LIUYuanyuan，PEILizhen，ZHOUYuan，CHENYuanxue* （CollegeofResource，SichuanAgricultural University，Chengdu 611130，China）

Abstract：Teectiveoftisudystoarifhtsfgacatealseuotalityfmldilsotooide scientificbasisforteutilzationofglturalwasteresoucsdheiproveetoflqualityinillofentralSuanBsed onfieldsite-pointexperimentconductedonthecalcareouspurplesoilinSichuanhillyreafrom2O18to2O19，theefectsofdierent organic materils，includingbroadbeanstrawretured（BS），rapestrawreturned（RS），pigmanurecompostingreturnd（PM）andon materialretudotol）udtoeiddealrogateslulkesitrositytotsl enzymeactivitygregatecopositionandaggregatestabilityofsummeraiefieldwereexained，andteoilqualitysfully evaluated by calculating the soil quality index（ SQI ）.The results showed that organic materials returned to the field could not only significantlyrosoiltttsctiitydlositytrooeatidbiltte andeffectivelyreducesoilbulkdensityandpH.Theimprovingefectsoforganicmaterialsreturnedtothefieldintilldsoil（ 0-20 cm） were greater than 20-40 cm soil.Theefects of RSonsoilporosityavailable potassiumand bulk density was greater than thoseof BSand PM.BS treatment significantly increased the proportion of ⩾2 mm aggregates，mean weight diameter，geometric mean diameter and mean weight-speificsurfaceareaofaggegates，butdeereasedproportionofO.5-1mmaggegates.TheaditionofPMmaintainedthe significantly higher content of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen，available phosphorus and proportion of 1-2 mm aggregates， as well as the activitiesofsoilsucraseandalkalinephosphatase.Furthermore，thevalueofSQIwassignificantlyimprovedbyallkindsoforganic materials，andPMappicationshowedthehighestSQ1，followedbyBS，RS，andCK，theSQIofPM，BS，andRincreasedby 370% 320% and 264% ，respectively，comparedwith CK.Inconclusion，theadditionof pig manure has thebest effectonimprovingsoilquality. Keywords：organic material return; aggregate; soil enzyme activity; soil quality index; calcareous purple soil

土壤质量是影响农田生产力和农业可持续发展的重要因素之一，农业废弃物等有机类物质是提高土壤质量的重要来源，现已广泛应用于农业生产[1-2]。（剩余16975字）