不同采收期‘威海金'苹果品质及耐贮性研究

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中图分类号：S661.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1008-1038（2025）04-0001-07

DOI：10.19590/j.cnki.1008-1038.2025.04.001

Study on the Quality and Storability of ‘Harlikar’ Apples Harvested at Different Times

WEI Wenwen'， JIA Lianwen'， REN Ziyan'， LIAN Huan'， YANG Xiangzheng'， YAO Yanqin2， ZHANG Lijun3 （1. Jinan Fruit Research Institute， AllChina Federation of Supply& Marketing Co-operative，Jinan 25O22， China； 2.Yan'an Vocational and Technical College， Yan'an 716000， China； 3. Shandong Tianyoutian Ecological Agriculture Co.， Ltd.， Weihai 264300， China）

Abstract：Inorder todetermine theharvestingstandardof‘Harlikarappleswithdiffrent storage andtransportation life， the starchindex，firmness， soluble solids，respiration rate，ethylene release rate， volatile aromacomponents and other indexes of‘Harlikar' apples harvested at diffrent harvest dates were measured in this study.At the same time，GC-MS was used toanalyzethechanges involatile aroma components.Theresultsshowed thatthefrmnessof apples harvested in the stage I（165 days after blooming） was as high as ， but the content of soluble solids andvolatile aromawaslow，anditwassensitivetolowtemperature，freezing injurybegan toappear after storaged at 一 for 120 days.‘Harlikar' apples harvested in the stage II（195 days after blooming）had high soluble solids content （15.0 % ） and flavor， but the firmness decreased to 6.8 kg/cm2. After stored for 120 days， the firmness decreased to and the flesh began to mealiness and browning.‘Harlikar' apples harvested in the stage II was suitable forfresh sale or short-term storage.‘Harlikar'apples harvested in the stage II（180 days after blooming） were suitable for long-term storage， the firmness was ， soluble solids content was 15.40% ， titratable acids was 0.18% ， starch index was 7.83， and storage life was about 180-240 d.

Keywords： “Harlikar' apples； storage period； harvest time； quality； standard

‘威海金’（MalusdomesticaBorkhvar.Harlikar）是日本岩手大学从‘金冠的自然杂交后代中选育的大果形晚熟优良苹果品种，2011年1月由威海市果树茶叶工作站引人，命名为‘维纳斯黄金’，2018年新定名为‘威海金'。（剩余9629字）