基于LED球幕显示的线性插值算法及FPGA硬件实现
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关键词：LED球幕屏;线性插值算法;FPGA;实时处理 中图分类号：TN27;TP391文献标识码：A doi：10.37188/CJLCD.2025-0135 CSTR：32172.14.CJLCD.2025-0135
Linear interpolation algorithm for LED dome display and its FPGA hardware implementation method
WEN Yuanyi 1，2 ， DONG Jiachang 1，2 ， ZHENG Xifeng 1，3∗ ，FAN Y i1 ， CAO Hui³ （1. Changchun Institute of Optics， Fine Mechanics and Physics， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Changchun 130033， China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 1Ooo49， China; 3.Changchun Xida Electronic Technology Co.Ltd.，Changchunl3OlO3，China）
Abstract：In order to address image distortion and resolution mismatch caused by physical pixel atenuation in LED dome displays in higher latitude regions，a linear interpolation algorithm based on LED dome displays has been proposed and implemented in hardware onan FPGA platform. This algorithm is designed to minimize image distortion and data loss in LED dome displays.Firstly，a dynamic planar-spherical pixel interpolation model is constructed and the floating-point operation is converted into a fixed-point integer operation by introducing an interpolation step parameter. Secondly，a dynamic step-size control mechanism based on stereo angle analysis is proposed to adaptively adjust the interpolation accuracy according to the difference in pixeldensity. Then，a fully pipelined hardware architecture was designed to combine coordinate transformation，pixel resampling，and interpolation computation. A low processng delay was achieved through the FIFO data remapping module. Experimental results show that compared with images displayed directly on the dome screen，the average peak signal-to-noise ratio of dome display images processed by this algorithm improves by 10.41% ，the average structural similarity index increases by 0.36% ，and the average image information entropy increases by1.6O bits.At the same time，the algorithm's single-frame processing time is less than 0.19ms . The conclusion of the study shows that this method effectively solves the problem of image distortion and resolution mismatch when displaying on a dome screen. The algorithm has low complexity and occupies few hardware resources，with a low processing delay，meeting the real-time processing requirements of high-frame-rate，strong interaction scenes.
Key words： LED dome screen; linear interpolation algorithm； FPGA；real-time processing
1引言
随着沉浸式显示技术的迅猛发展，球幕显示系统凭借其超大视场角与深度沉浸感，在天文科普、虚拟仿真、飞行模拟及全景影院等领域获得了广泛应用。（剩余16769字）
