论脑机交互的能动性、能动感与“责任割裂”问题

[中图分类号]R-052 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1001-8565(2025)09-1157-07

DOI:10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2025.09.09

On agency，sense of agency,and the problem of“responsibility gaps” in brain-computer interaction

LIU Guangming

(School ofMarxism, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou 3lOol8, China)

Abstract: Brain-computer interface（BCI） has replaced the body as an important“channel"connecting the brain and the external world.First，“brain-computer interaction activities”differ from general human activities. They are activities jointly implemented by humans with a high-level agency and BCI with a low-level agency. Even if“brain-computer interactionactivities”do not meet the requirements of the classcal philosophy of action，they may stillbecome“generalized artificial actions.”Second，BCIhas altered the coherence of human activity based on“brain-body interaction,”which leads to human users holding diferent levels of sense of agency，and results in the situation ofbrain-computer interaction being divided into“online state”and“offline state.”Third,humans in an“online state”are aware of subsequent activities and moral harm，and they are the subject of accountability.Humans in an“ofline state”may not necessarily be aware of subsequent activities and are notthemain subject of accountability.Therefore，thedefinition of the atributes of brain-computer interaction activities and the analysis of the sense of agency provide a new entry point for solving the problem of “responsibility gaps” and ethical analysis of brain-computer interaction.

Keywords: brain-computer interface; moral responsibility; agency ; sense of agency ; responsibility gap

脑机接口（brain-computer interface,BCI)最初主要用于医疗领域，如人工视网膜、人工耳蜗和人工喉等对身体官能的替代，它通过脑机联结端口将外部对象的电信号输入到大脑，而实现人类对外部对象的识别和感知。（剩余13484字）